Endrocrine System Delia Ocampo P.2
Major functions of Endocrine System
-Metabolism
Growth and development
Sexual function and reproduction
Blood pressure
Appetite
Sleeping and walking cycles
Major Endocrine glands/organs
Major organs/hormones-Glucagon- helps increase levels of blood glucose
Insulin-helps reduce your blood glucose levels
Luteinizing hormone-controls estrogen and testosterone production as well as ovulation
Melatonin-controls sleep and wake cycles
Major glands-Hypothalamus- controls hormone system Pineal gland- receives information about the state of the light dark cycle and turn that information to help produce and secrete the hormone melatonin.
Pituitary gland- It controls metabolism,growth, sexual maturation,reproduction,blood pressure and many other physical functions.
Thyroid gland-regulates body's metabolic rate controlling heart,muscle and digestive function and brain development.
Parathyroid gland-the regulation of calcium levels in the blood
Thymus-makes white blood cells
Adrenal gland-produces hormones that help regulate our metabolism
Pancreas-Digestion
Ovary-produce the egg cells
Testes- responsible for making sperm
The three main target organs are the liver,heart and gastrointestinal tract.
Steroids Vs. Non-steroid hormones
Steroid hormone- they are derived from cholesterol
Non-steroid hormones- amines,peptides,proteins,or glycoprotiens which are produced from amino acids.
Steroid- Estrogen testosterone, aldosterone, cortisol
Non-steroid(Amines)-Norepinephrine,epinephrine,thyroid hormones.
Peptides- Antidiuretic hormone,oxytocin,thyrotropin releasing hormone.
Polypeptides and proteins- parathyroid hormone,growth hormone and prolactin
Glycoprotiens-Follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,and thyroid stimulating hormone.
Negative and positive feedback
Negative feedback- controls release of hormones from the hypothalamus controls secretion of the anterior pituitary. Also the nervous system influences certain endocrine glands directly.
Positive feedback- it intensifies a change in the body's physiological condition rather than reversing it.
Diseases in endocrine system
-Type 1 and 2 Diabetes
Graves Disease