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Ariana Hernandez P.7 Concept map: 07 Endocrine - Coggle Diagram
Ariana Hernandez P.7
Concept map: 07 Endocrine
Major endocrine glands/organs and their functions (separate by region/ body cavity)
Exocrine- secretes products into ducts, outside the internal environment
Endocrine- secrete hormones into body fluid to affect target cells.
Organs are called endocrine glands, that secrete hormones into body fluids
Major edocrine glands: Pituitary, thyroid , parathyroid, adernal ,pancreas, pineal, reproductive glannds (ovaries and testes), kidneys, and thymus glands.
Major functions of the endocrine system
Hormones diffuse into the bloodstream to act on specific target cells .
Endocrine works with nervous system to maintain homeostasis.
Diseases associated with the endocrine system
Calcium Regulation and Parathyroid Disorders include Hypoparathyroidism and Hyperparathyroidism. Hypoparathyroidism is deficiency of PTH, due to surgical removal or injury to glands, which results in a decrease in blood calcium. Hyperparathyroidism is the excess of PTH, perhaps due to parathyroid tumor, which results in an increase in blood calcium
Disorders of adrenal hormones are Addison disease and Cushing syndrome. Addison disease is hyposecretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Cushing syndrome is hypersecretion of adrenal cortical hormones.
Thyroid disorders include Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism is Underactivity of the thyroid gland. That then causes low metabolic rate,fatigue and weight gain in adults.In infants, causes cretinism poor growth and bone formation, abnormal mental development, and sluggishness. Hyperthyroidism is the opposite which would be overactivity to the thyroid gland. This cause Causes high metabolic rate, restlessness, overeating in adults may lead to eye protrusion (exophthalmia).
Homeostatic mechanisms of hormone regulation (negative and positive feedback)
positive feedback: is when a body changes from the normal point and amplifies it. Blood clot formation.
Negative feedback: its the release of hormones from hypothalmus contols secretion of anterior pituitary, hormone affect activity of other endocrine glands.
Include the hormones produced, their functions and their target organs
steroid hormones: lipid soluble, so they can pass through cell membranes and its located inside the target cell.
Nonsteroid hormones: Nonsteroid hormones combine with receptors in target cell membranes; the
receptors have a binding site and an activity site.
Local hormones: include paracrine secretions affect neighboring cells and outocrine secretions which affect only the secretory cells.
Compare and contrast steroid vs. non-steroid hormones and list the hormones for each
category
Steroids are derived from cholesterol and Nonsteroids are amines, peptides, proteins,or glycoproteins which are produced from amino acids.