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cell structure - Coggle Diagram
cell structure
eukaryotes
nucleus
mitochondria
chloroplast
ribosome
endoplamic reticulum
rough
smooth
golgi apparatus
lysosome
plama cell surface membrane
microvilli
cillia
centriole
flagellum
vacole
magnification and resolution
magnification= image size/ actual size
micrometres and eyepiece graticules
magnfacation= how much bigger the image is than the specimin
the ability to distinguish between 2 objects that are close together
microscopes
light microscopes
use light
low res
whole cells or tissues, not organelles
max mag of 1500
alive and dead specimins
can use stains
laser scanning confocal
laser beams
specimen tagged with flourecent dye
light is focused through a pinhole
image can be 3d
electron microscopes
scanning electron microscope
scan beam of electrons across specimen
this knocks elctrons from specimen which are then gathered by a cathode ray tube to form image
resolution of 0.002um
max mag of less than 500,000
3d image and shows surface of cells
transmission electron microscope
uses electromagnets to focus beam of electrons through specimen
denser parts absorb more electrons so darker
resoloution of 0.0002 um
max mag of more than 1,000,000
can only be used on very thin specimens
images produced are 2d
organelles working together and the cytoskeleton
protien synthesis
ribosomes synthesise proteins
folded and processed at RER
transported from ER to Golgi by vesicles
at Golgi proteins undergo further processing
out of cells via vesicles
cytoskeleton
whole cell support
change shape of cell
supporting and keeping organelles in place
movement of materials
allow the cell to move (flagella)
prokaryotes
differences to eukaryotes
DNA is circular and not associated with protiens
contains no membrane bound organelles
has no nucleus, DNA is free
smaller 70s ribosomes
cell wall
smaller
similarities
both have cytoplasm
both contain plasma cell surface membrane
both contain ribosomes