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Enzyme - Coggle Diagram
Enzyme
Types of enzyme
Molecule breakers
Lactase
Hydrolase
Catalyze hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water
Lyase
Cleaves covalent bonds (bonds between electron)
Ligase
Combines two molecules
Transferase
Transfer functional group
Isomerase
Catalyze rearrangement
Oxidoreductase
Electron transfer
Proteins that serve catalytic functions (and some others)
Increase rate of reaction change without being change itself
Enzymes catalyze biochemical reaction
Allows chemical reactions to take place in the body that would be impossible otherwise
Breaks down molecule
Name
Most ends in -ase
The other part have to do with what the enzyme do
For example, lactase breaks down lactose
Every one has unique substrate
Substrates are molecules that activate enzymes
The substrates bind to an area on their respective enzyme called "active area"
Things that can happen afterward
Enzyme causes substrate to bends in a particular way
Some bonds might become weaker because of this
Substrate recognition is stereospecific
If two substrates are mirror image of each other, only one will fit
They can be covalently linked
Enzymes recognize substrates by:
Unique 3D shape
Electrostatic interaction
Induced-fit binding
Enzyme change its shape slightly after the substrate is in
Once the enzyme catalyzes the reaction, it will returns to normal shape
Deficiency in function will causes problem
Lactase deficiency causes lactose intolerance