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Endocrine System Yoselin Orozco Madrigal Period 6 Honors - Coggle Diagram
Endocrine System Yoselin Orozco Madrigal Period 6 Honors
Major Endocrine Organs/Glands & Functions:
Endocrine Glands:
produces hormones with no ducts
Exocrine Gland:
out of body, producing non hormonal substances, with ducts to carry secretion to membrane surface. Holds pituitary,thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal glands
Hypothalamus:
is a neuroendocrine organ with endocrine & exocrine functions.
Pancreas:
Glucagon:
makes blood sugar go up
Insulin:
makes blood sugar go down
Pineal Gland:
for sleep cycles producing melatonin
Adrenal Gland:
makes aldostrone regulating sodium
Adrenal Medulla:
inside gland
Epinephrine & Non Epinephrine:
simulator for metabolic activities and blood pressure
Adrenal cortex:
outer portion
Glucocorticoids:
regulates sugar making cortisol as a stress hormone
Mineralcortocoids:
electrolyte concentration
Gonadocorticoids:
adrenal sex hormone
Parathyroid hormone:
secreted for low blood levels in calcium
Major Functions of Endocrine System:
acts with nervous system to coordinate and integrate activity of cells. Influences metabolism activities, reproduction, growth/development and mobilizes body defenses.
Homeostatic mechanisms of hormones regulation:
Positive feedback:
releases oxytocin from posterior pituitary gland
Negative feedback:
blood levels of hormones are controlled by negative feedback systems. Increased hormones effect on target organs can inhibit further hormone release
Hyposecretion:
too little making causing gigantism
Hypersecretion:
too much making and can cause dwarfism
Steroid vs. Non-Steroid Hormones:
Amino-acids:
amino acid derivatives, peptides and protein, are water soluble
Steroids:
synthesized from cholesterol, lipid-soluble, gonadal and adrenocortical hormones
Diseases of Endocrine System:
Diabetes Insipidus:
ADH (Antiduretic hormone) deficiency due to damage to hypothalamus or posterior pituitary
Diabetes mellitus:
due to hyposecretion of inulin type -1 or hypersecretion type -2
Addison's Disease:
disease in plasma glucose deficits in glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids
Cushing's Syndrome Disease:
depresses bone formation and immune system
Hormones produced:
Anterior Pituitary Hormones:
Prolactin(PRL):
for milk production
Gonadotropins (FSH & LH):
for ovaries and testies.
Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)
stimulates production of egg / sperm &
Lutenizing hormone (LH)
promotes production of gonadal hormones
Adrenocorticoids Hormone(ACTH):
stimulates adrenal cortex to release corticoids
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH):
stimulating normal development & secretory activity of thyroid, inhibited by rising blood levels of thyroid hormones
Growth hormone(GH) :
direct action on metabolism & indirect growth promoting actions
Posterior Pituitary & Hypothalamus Hormones:
composed to neural tissue that secretes neurohormones
Oxytocin:
positive feedback mechanism, acting as hormonal trigger for milk ejection
ADH (Antudiuretic Hormone):
prevents frequent urination,targeting kidney tubules to reabsorb more water to inhibit or prevent urine formation
Thyroid Hormone (TH):
body's major metablositic hormone , maintains blood pressure, heart production and growth/development of tissues
Calcitonin:
for all thing calcium. antagonist to parahtyroid hormone