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Factors Causing Differences in Social Inequality - Coggle Diagram
Factors Causing Differences in Social Inequality
Access to Services
Influenced by: number of services, accessibility of services and social and economic factors e.g. age, gender, income etc.
High income increases accessibility, living in low status housing decreases accessibility.
Internet access: difference in broadband speeds in rural and urban areas, faster speed areas get even faster leaving low speed areas behind, remote places can become linked in due to satellite technologies. In EDCs and LIDCs, mobile phones are reducing inequalities and changing lives.
In Norway (AC), number of doctors per 1000 people is just over 4. In Brazil (EDC), it's just under 2. In Kenya (LIDC), it is well below 1.
People living in core regions e.g. capital cities, tend to have good access to services due to high levels of wealth and investment.
Clear urban / rural divide: urban areas have better access than rural areas.
Health
Health problems can be caused by substandard housing, poor diet, unhealthy lifestyles and stress.
Uneven distribution of healthcare services. People with limited mobility or living in areas with few transport links may struggle to access healthcare facilities.
Wealth
The ability to purchase goods and services is fundamental to social wellbeing.
Low incomes are linked with poor educational attainment, access to services and ill health.
DISPOSABLE INCOME: the amount left over after the essentials of life have been payed for.
Housing
The lower your income, the less choice of housing you have. Poor quality housing and overcrowding causes illnesses.
LIDCs / EDCs = slum housing. Rapid urbanisation means authorities are overwhelmed so a lack of resources to increase supply of decent housing.
ACs = homelessness, may resort to squatting illegally or in empty buildings.
Housing may not be affordable if the prices inflate before wages. Property prices raised by migration of wealthy people to villages / small towns / countryside and a rise in second home ownership.
Availability of low cost social housing has decreased.
Education
Illiteracy excludes people from accessing education and skill training so reduces employment opportunities.
Most governments invest in education to raise SofL and QofL.
Access to educational opportunities differs everywhere.
SPATIAL INEQUALITY: there can be inequality between places and within places. There are inequalities between urban and rural places and there are also contrasts at the intraurban scale (within a city).