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CH1 - The Importance of ATP - Coggle Diagram
CH1 - The Importance of ATP
Chemiosmosis
The synthesis of ATP, electrons and protons derived from hydrogen atoms.
It is the flow of protons down an electrochemical gradient, through ATP sythetase, which provides the potential energy necessary to synthesise ATP by phosphorylation.
Mitochondrial membranes
In the mitochondria protons flow from the inter membrane space into the matrix.
Free electrons are taken up by the final electron acceptors in the matrix.
Protons flow down the concentration in the stalked particles containing ATP synthetase to provide energy for ATP synthesis.
A high concentration of protons build up in the inter membrane space.
Protons are pumped across the crista by the proton pumps fulled by electron energy.
The Proton gradient
Proton gradients occur in non-living systems, such as oceanic alkaline hydrothermal vents.
In the light dependent stage of photosynthesis, electrons are excited by energy from light. These electrons move through a series of carriers in the thylakoid membranes and their energy pumps protons from the stroma into the spaces between the thylakoid membrane. the energy is released in chemiosmosis, in which protons flow back down an electrochemical gradient into the stroma, through ATP sythetase. The energy is incorperated into ATP. This drives the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis and energy in incorperated into macromolecules made in cells.
In respiration, electrons are excited by energy derived from food molecules. Their energy is made available as they move through a series of carries on the inner mitochondrial membrane. The energy pumps protons across the membrane, from the matrix into the inter-membrane space, setting up a proton gradient. Energy is released into the matrix through ATP sythesase, and is incorporated into ATP
The electron transport chain
electron transport chain located within the inner membrane
of the mitochondria or thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts
The electron transport chain releases energy from electrons and incorporates it into ATP.
Chloroplast membranes
In the chloroplast the protons flow across the thylakoid space into the stroma.
Free electrons are taken up by the final electron acceptor in the stroma.
Protons flow down the concentration gradient in the stallked particles containing ATP synthetase to provide energy for ATP sythesis.
A high concentration of protons build up in the thylakoid space.
Protons are pumped across the thylakoid membrane by proton pumps fulled by electron energy.