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THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, The pact tradition: meaning that the…

- - - - The monarchs appointed the mayors, to ran the city councils
    - - The sortition system, where local governors were selected by lottery, was maintained.
  - - - Represented the monarchs in other kingdoms, was expanded.
  - - - Figure represented the monarchs in each of their kingdoms in their absence.
    - - Was reformed in Aragón to persecute false conversions.
      - The kingdom of Castilla in 1478
      - Was a religious court, although it was controlled by the Crown.
  - - - The Castilian military orders managed by the Council of Military Orders
      - The Supreme Inquisition dealt with matters concerning morals and faith.
    - - The judicial system of Castilla
        
        was restructured through the audiencias of Valladolid and Granada, whose judges appointed the kings.
      - A militia, the Santa Hermandad
        
        was created to fight crime and keep the peace in rural Castilla
    - - Most important was the Council of Castilla
      - Aragón and Navarra
      - Trained officials began to replace the nobles in these institutions.
- - - - to identify errors in translation
    - - Sculpture
        
        Italian Domenico Fancelli was a very important artis
        
        sculpted the Tomb of the Catholic Monarchs in Granada
      - Painting
        
        Works of Pedro Berruguete
        
        greatly influenced by the Flemish style.
      - Architecture
        
        main Gothic works of art were commissioned by
        
        The Isabelline style'
        
        the Cisneros style
        
        the Catholic Monarchs
    - - Went into exile to escape the Inquisition
      - Spent the rest of his life in Flanders and England
      - Converted Jew and
- - - - Main ports were Valencia and Barcelona
    - - shipbuilding
      - textile industry
  - - - to the textile industries of Flanders and England, among others.
      - Burgos Consulate was founded to control the exportation of wool
    - - Substantial vineyards and olive groves were maintained to produce wine and oil
    - - Source of wealth was precious metals (gold and silver) from the Americas
- - - - Cardinal Cisneros forced them to be baptised
  - - - Did not obey had to sell their assets at a loss and leave their homes
        
        known as Sephardic Jews
    - - Prevent them from practising their old religion in secret.
- - - - Catholic Monarchs carried out a series of military conquests
    - - 1492
        
        Ten year war,
        
        Ruler of the kingdom of Granada
        
        Surrendered the last existing Muslim state on the Peninsula
      - 1512
        
        Ferdinand the Catholic' conquered Navarra
        
        prevent from forming an alliance with France
        
        became part of the Crown of Castilla.
    - - Northern Africa
        
        1497-1510
        
        various enclaves which Berber pirates operated from were conquered
        
        Ceuta was conquered by the kingdom of Portugal.
      - Italy
        
        Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba forces
        
        Defeated the French at the battles of Cerignola and Garigliano 1503
        
        secured the Aragónese territories of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia
      - Atlantic Ocean
        
        Canary Islands conquered following the subjugation of inhabitants, the Guanches 1478-1496
        
        serve as a stop off point for Christopher Columbus' first voyage to the Americas in 1492