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Immunizations for travel, Dosing and administration, Dosing and…
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Contraindications
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A history of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia following an Ad26.COV2.S or any other adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccine is a contraindication to Ad26.COV2.S.
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Adverse reactions
-Immediate hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reactions.
-YF vaccine-associated neurologic disease (YEL-AND), for example: meningoencephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and bulbar palsy. -YF vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) – YEL-AVD mimics naturally acquired YF disease, with proliferation and dissemination of the vaccine virus throughout the host tissues.
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Contraindications
It should not be given to individuals with:
-Primary immunodeficiencies.
-Transplant recipients.
-Patients on immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies.
-Patients with HIV whose CD4 count is <200/mL.
-Age <6 months.
-Allergy to a vaccine component, and thymic disorders.
There is a precaution against YF vaccination for:
-Travelers ≥60 years of age.
-Infants aged 6 to 8 months.
-Pregnancy.
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Indications
Travelers aged ≥9 months who are traveling to or living in areas at risk for YF transmission in South America and Africa should be vaccinated.
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Indications
-Vaccination is warranted for travelers to countries with intermediate to high endemicity of hepatitis A.
-The list includes all resource-limited countries.
-The ACIP recommends routine vaccination of children aged 12 to 23 months and catch-up vaccination for children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years who have not previously received hepatitis A vaccine, irrespective of travel.
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Contraindications
-Hypersensitivity to hepatitis A vaccine or any component of the formulation is a contraindication to vaccination.
-The hepatitis A vaccines are acceptable for use in pregnancy and for immunocompromised individuals
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Indications
Hepatitis B vaccine
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Vaccination is warranted for travelers to countries with intermediate to high endemicity of HBV (ie, with hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] prevalence ≥2 percent).
Risk groups include:
1.Health care workers.
2.Adventure travelers.
3.Peace Corps volunteers.
4.Missionaries.
5.Military personnel.
6.Medical tourists.
Hepatitis B immunization should also be considered for:
1.Any traveler with potential contact with blood or bodily secretions.
2.Potential sexual contact, or potential need for medical or dental procedures while traveling.
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Indications
Rabies vaccine
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Rabies pre-exposure vaccination is indicated for travelers visiting areas where rabies is endemic who anticipate contact with animals and limited access to immediate medical care.
Children are at increased risk as they are more likely than adults to play with animals and they may not reliably report exposures not associated with significant injury.
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Precautions
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•Prior immediate but nonsevere allergic reactions (eg, hives, angioedema that did not affect the airway) to a COVID-19 vaccine is a precaution (not contraindication) to that same vaccine type.
•Contraindication to an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is a precaution to Ad26.COV2.S because of potential cross-reactive hypersensitivity.
•Contraindication to AD26.COV2.S is a precaution to an mRNA vaccine because of potential cross-reactive hypersensitivity
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