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Endocrine System Vanessa Reyes P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Endocrine System Vanessa Reyes
P.2
Compare and contrast steroid vs. non-steroid hormones and list the hormones for each
category
Steroid hormones receptors complex binds with the DNA and activates specific genes non-steroid hormones combine receptors in cell membranes.
Steroid:
Enzymes,Transport Protein, or hormones receptor
Major functions of endocrine system:
The endocrine helps maintain homeostasis. It diffuses the hormones into blood stream to act on specific target cells
Endocrine system uses hormones to communicate with cells
Homeostatic mechanisms of hormone regulation (negative and positive feedback)
Negative Feedback
controls hormone release as hormone level rises, the hormone exerts its effects, further secretion is inhibited by negative feedback, and then hormone secretion decreases
Positive Feed back
the amplification of a body's response to a stimulus. Childbirth. when the head of the fetus pushes up against the cervix it stimulates a nerve impulse from the cervix to the brain
Major endocrine glands/organs and their functions (separate by region/ body cavity) :
Hypothalamus
(Keeps internal functions balanced weight, appetite and body temp. Located in cranial cavity)
Pineal Gland
(Located upper portion of thalamus. Secretes melatonin involved in regulation of circadian rhythms
Parathyroid Gland
(located on posterior of thyroid gland increases blood calcium, stimulates bone resorption, stimulates kidneys conserves calcium, causes activation of vitamin D
Thyroid
(located between larynx consist of two broad lobes connected by isthmus, regulates metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins)
Thymus
(lies between lungs behind sternum, secretes thymosins important to immunity
Adrenal Gland
(sits on top of kidney Medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrin
Pancreas
(located behind stomach on front of spine, secretes hormones as endocrine gland and digestive juice )
Testis
located in pubic area of a male, responsible for making sperm and producing Testosterone
Ovaries
located in pubic area of female Produces egg cell
Kidney
located underneath adrenal gland removes waste and extra body fluid from body
Stomach
Stomach is located in upper abdomen stomach is a muscular organ that deliviers food
The hormones produced, their functions and their target organs
Adrenal Gland
produces Aldosterone which regulates salt, water balance, and blood pressure
Pituitary gland
produced
Adrenocorticotrophic hormones
(controls production of sex hormones)
Growth Hormones*
affect growth and development)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(produces sex hormone estrogen female testosterone male
Oxytocin
stimulates contraction of uterus and milk ducts
Prolactin
initiates and maintains milk
Thyroid stimulating Hormone
stimulates production and secretion of thyroid glands
Pancreas
produces
glucagon raises blood sugar levels
insulin
lowers blood sugar levels
ovaries
produce
estrogen**affects development of female sexual characteristic
Diseases associated with the endocrine system
Diabetes
too much insulin is produced ,
Acromegaly
over-productive growth hormones ,
Graves disease
hyperthyroidism resulting in excessive thyroid production,
Hypothyroidism
low production of thyroid hormone ,
Hyperthyroidism
high production of thyroid production