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Social Policy + Education - Coggle Diagram

- - - - . Introduction of the 11+ exam
      - . After pupils would be put in one of three schools;
      - Technical Schools (not many of these schools were built)
      - Grammar Schools (Middle Class)
      - Secondary Modern (Working Class)
      - class division - Working Class would go to worse schools than Middle Class
    - - Both Middle class and Working class would go to the same schools
      - Catchment areas - schools are allocated based on postcode
        
        . Middle class live in Middle class areas
        
        . Working class live in Working class areas
        
        . Middle class can move to better areas
        
        Evaluation - MC live in MC areas and WC live in WC areas.
        reduces the amount of choice.
- - - - . Formula funding - money allocated based on need & location. £4,500 per student
        . Open enrolment - anyone can apply to any school and schools will decide who they want.
        . Business sponsors
        . League tables - schools are ranked based on test scores
        . Parental choice
        . OFSETED - schools are given a score
        . Advertisement
    - - . More exams - SATS, GCSE's and A-Level's etc
        . STEM subjects
        . British Values
        . Vocational Cources - giving more choice
    - - Favours Middle Class - because not all parents have equal choice.
        
        . Parentocracy (David) - parents have all the choice
        . Gerwitz privileged skilled choosers (MC),
        semi-skilled choosers (WC) - cultural capital & disconnected choosers
      - . Cream Skimming - only selecting the best (MC)
        . Silt Shifting - putting unselected students into the worse schools (WC), creating inequality
        This was creates by BARLET
- - - - Bad
        
        . CEO pay is £250,000 - £450.000 a year
        . Parents have no say in what happens
        . Evidence of misuse of funding (Bright Tribe)
        . 17% of Academies are failing
      - Good
        
        . Funded by private businesses
        . More interest = higher standards
        . Some grades have improved
        . Creates more choice
    - - Good
        
        . Technically WC parents can open schools
        . Parents have more say
        . More choice in what their children are being taught.
        . More competition
      - Bad
        
        . Most don't open
        . Mainly MC parents who open them
        . Lack of expertise in the subjects
        . Funding comes from schools surrounding the area
  - - - Good
        
        . Creates more competition
        . Gives parents more choice over the education children receive
        . Benefit children from all backgrounds - aim to get students from WC backgrounds into university.
      - Bad
        
        . Mainly MC parents have the time to support and engage with them (creates a MC habitus).
        . Given start up grants taking money away from other schools
        . Not actually needed and have low attendance numbers (2012 - 60% or less student numbers)
        . Free schoold are not popluar - 66 free school has closed, failed or not even opened in 2018.
        . Lack expertise - tend to be run by businesses and faith groups
        . Very selective - likely to cream skim and silt shif
    - - The English Baccalaureate 2011
        . Group of GCSE STEM subjects viewed as prestigious
        
        English lang or lit
        
        Maths
        
        Science
        
        Geography or History
        
        A language
        . Schools are ranked on these achievement in these subjects
      - T Levels - Qualification equivalent to A levels but created and approved by employers.
        
        Good
        
        . Students get direct work experience and skills in an area they want as a career.
        . Offers parents and students more choice over courses.
        
        Bad
        
        . Too specific for uni courses and change in the future economy
        . Gender imbalance - 95% females in childcare T levels / 93% male construction T Levels
        . Limited work placements available
      - Evaluations
        
        . Realists (New Right/ New Labour)
        . competition drives up standards and a diverse market will improve education inequality.
        . Marxisists
        . Hall (2011) & Ball (2012) - Education has become a source of profit for capitalists
        
        State funds used to raise private profits
        
        Taking money from government development contracts and