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Key terminology Hazards - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Lava flows have buried roads, houses and cars
      - Lava is around 1000°C and basaltic
      - People have enough time to evacuate, but cannot retrieve their things from homes
      - Has been erupting since 1983
      - Magma covered 78km²
      - Destroyed 180 houses
      - Created 120km² of new land
      - Now a major tourist attraction
  - - - Church is one of the few buildings still visible above the lava flows (25km²)
      - The city is located 5km from the active vent
      - There were no deaths
- - - - Average northern hemisphere summer temperatures fell by 0.4°C
      - Record rainfall hit southern California during the water year from July 1883-June 1884
      - Los Angeles received 970mm and San Diego received 660mm
      - 20 million tons of sulphur
        was released
        
        Transported by high-level winds all over the globe
        
        Caused an increase in sulphuric acid in high-level cirrus clouds
        
        Resulted in an increase in cloud reflectivity which cooled the planet
    - - Eruption caused a landslide which led to a tsunami
      - 36,417 people died from the eruption and tsunami
      - Over 70% of the island of Krakatoa and its surrounding archipelago were destroyed as it collapsed into a caldera
      - Sunda Straight was destroyed within 2 hours of the explosion
      - Waves were so powerful that blocks of coal weighing 600 tonnes were thrown onto the shore
      - Warship Berouw was carried 3km inland and deposited 10m above sea level
      - Eruption was heard 3,110km away in Perth and 4800km away in Mauritius
      - Sound travelled around the globe 7 times
    - - Estimated that 18-21km³ of ignimbrite were deposited over 1,100,000km², largely filling the 30-40km deep basin around the mountain
      - Some of the pyroclastic flows reached the Sumatran coast, as much as 45km away
      - Caused a 46m high tsunami, destroying the town of Merak