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Gravitation Periodic Motion - Coggle Diagram
Gravitation
Periodic Motion
Gravitation
1) NEWTON’S LAW OF GRAVITATION
Newton study the motion of the planet and of the moon, he discovered the fundamental character of ravitation attraction between any two bodies. Newton state that: “Every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the particles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them”
Gravitational Porential U
We consider a body of mass m outside the earth, and first compute the work done by the gravitational orce when body move directly away from or toward the center of the earth from r=r1 to r = r2, this the work done is given by
Escape velocity
the minimum speed with which we must launch an object from the surface of the earth so that it leave the earth forever
Periodic Motion
Vibration or oscillation repeats itself over and over the motion is said to be periodic.
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
The simplest kind of oscillation occurs when the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium x. This happens if the sping is an ideal one that obey Hooke’s law. The constant of proportionality between and x is the force constant k. We represents the force acting on a stretched ideal sping as
This equation gives the correct magnitude and sign of the force,whether x is positive,negative or zero.
acceleration
in circular motion
displacement, velocity and acceleration in SHM
The kinetic energy of the body and the potential energy of the spring us, if
the total mechanical energy E=K+U is conserved, then
velocity
maximum speed is
THE SIMPLE PENDULUM
A simple pendulum is an idealized model consisting of a point mass suspended by a massless, unstretcheble string. When the point mass is pulled to one side of its straight-down equilibrium position and released, it oscillates about the equilibrium position.
damping
the amplitude of any real oscilating spring slowly decrease. this is damped harmonic motion
Damping is due to friction and air
resonance
system is set in motion then left alone it vibrates at its natural frequency(fo)
when an outside force is constantly applied it creates forced vibrations
the amplitude of the forced vibration depends on the difference between f and fo
