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Nanotechnology: Applications in food science and industry, Niza Isabel…
Nanotechnology: Applications in food science and industry
Nanostructured materials (NSMs)
Used for
Nanosensor, packaging material and encapsulated food component
For example
Nanocarriers
Organic
Polymeric nanoparticles
Based on biocompatible & biodegradable polymers
Liposomes
Lipid-bilayered nanocarries. Aqueous core enclosed by a surfactant
Nanoemulsions
Micelles. Droplets categorized based on the organization of the oil and water phases
Dendrimers
Compounds composed of repetitively branched molecules around an inner core
Carbon-based nanocarries
Carbon nanotubes. Graphene sheet structures turned into a cylinder
Inorganic
Metallic nanostructures
Quantum dots
Nanocrystals of inorganic fluorescent semiconducting atoms.
Controversial
Essential to research their long-term effects
There are currently several safety issues
Food packaging and security
Nanoparticles used in food packaging
Silver
Retards growth of aerobic MOs, antimicrobial effect (e.i.
E. coli, S. aureus
)
Zinc oxide
Reduces bacteria (e.i.
Salmonella
), yeast & mold counts, doesn't affect quality
Titanium oxide
Reduces browning, slow-down ripening, senescence & decay
Silver oxide
Retards microbial spoilage
Main applications
Intelligent packaging
Used for
In-packaging monitor of gas/oxygen content and excess moisture
For example
Intelligent ink as detector of changes in oxygen quantity
Nanostructures & nanomaterials
Nano-sized TiO2, MgO, Fe, nano-clay, graphene nano-sheets, carbon-based nanomaterial
Nanocoatings
Films that can indicate whether any contamination has occurred
during storage
Active packaging
Pasive barrier + ability to absorb or release components from/into the packaged food
Used to
Release antioxidants, antimicrobials
Remove negative factors (oxygen, water vapor)
Nano-encapsulation
Allows for the direct contact of nano-materials during food consumption
There are various
Nano-encapsulation systems
For example
Lipid-based, nanoemulsion, coacervation, etc.
1 more item...
Nanomaterials & nanoparticles
For example
SiO2, gelatin + nanocellulose, nano-silica, lysozyme nano-laminate, nano-powders (e.i. Ag), NCS, metal and metaloxide NPs, polymeric NPs
1 more item...
Food functionality
Protection from chemical deterioration
Nanomaterials can control unwanted reactions in food
They are used as
Antioxidant carriers, capsules of bioactive compounds and edible coatings
For example
Polymeric nanoparticles, nano-ZnO
Enhanced by eliminating chemical toxicants or improving nano-sized nutritional supplements
Through
Nano-encapsulation
Exhibits numerous advantages
Such as
enabling the delivery of bioactive compounds & enhancing bioavailability in foods
ensuring the functionality of the final product
For example
Helps to control the release of flavors & to protect from flavor degradation during processing & storage
Enhancing physical properties
Of both
Food materials
E.i. color, texture & appearance
Packaging materials
E.i. flame resistance & UV rays protection
Using, for example
Polymer nanocomposites, TiO2, SiO2, SLNPs = food additives
Food safety
Detection of foodborne pathogens
Nano-biosensors
They are
bioanalytical devices that are developed
using various NSMs and biological receptors
Useful for
Detecting microbial pathogens
Nanoparticles such as
Gold NPs, Gld/silicon nanorod, quantum dot
For
S. Typhi
Gold nanorod, quantum rod, mangetic bead, carbon nanotube, magnetic NP
For
E. coli
Aptamer conjugated gold NPs, liposome NPs
For
S. typhimurium
Immunomagnetic liposome NP
For
C. sakazakii
Protection from allergens
Employed as a basic tool to control and manage food allergens
May be cause
By nanomaterials
Nanoparticles & nanomaterials
Polymeric NPs, protamine-based NPs, gold nanorods, poly-(anhydride) NPs
Great potential
In allergen immunotherapy & vaccinology
Through
Novel carrier/ delivery systems
Prevention heavy metal reduction
By
determining trace amounts of metals & removing aqueous heavy metal ions
Nanoparticles & nanomaterials
magnetite NPs, nanowires, nano-neckleces, aminated magnetic iron oxide NPs, MgO NPs, C-dots
Inhibition of biofilm formation
Biofilms can create problems
Therefore
There's a need for materials able to prevent bacterial growth
Such as
Nanosilver particles, NiO NPs, ZnO, Chlorhexidine-conjugated gold NPs
Niza Isabel Hernández Brito
(ID:3384571 / Matrícula:74600700)
Nanotechnology and Materials Technology (LBT224)
24/01/2022
Bibliography:
Bajpai, V. K., Kamle, M., Shukla, S., Mahato, D. K., Chandra, P., Hwang, S. K., Kumar, P., Huh, Y. S., & Han, Y.-K. (2018). Prospects of using nanotechnology for food preservation, safety, and security. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 26(4), 1201–1214.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2018.06.011
Yu, H., Park, J.-Y., Kwon, C. W., Hong, S.-C., Park, K.-M., & Chang, P.-S. (2018). An Overview of Nanotechnology in Food Science: Preparative Methods, Practical Applications, and Safety. Journal of Chemistry, 2018, 1–10.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5427978
Zambrano-Zaragoza, M., González-Reza, R., Mendoza-Muñoz, N., Miranda-Linares, V., Bernal-Couoh, T., Mendoza-Elvira, S., & Quintanar-Guerrero, D. (2018). Nanosystems in Edible Coatings: A Novel Strategy for Food Preservation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(3), 705.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19030705
