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Criminology Unit 2: Criminological Theories AC4.1 - Coggle Diagram
Criminology Unit 2: Criminological Theories AC4.1
Biological Theories (Policy Development)
Neurochemicals
Diet can positively impact on aggressive behaviour
Gesch et al. (2002)
= 231 adult male prisoner volunteers agreed to receive a daily vitamin, mineral + essential fatty acid supplementation/a placebo drug
= Supplement - 35% reduction
Placebo - 6.7% reduction
Eugenics
Inheritance of genes could explain the presence of simple/complex human behavioural characteristics
Claims biology has contributed to many social problems in the late 19th century
Death Peanlty
Most extreme biologically driven policy
1,032 people = executed, excluding China (2016) - Temporary abolition in UK (1965), crime rates didn't soar - became permanent (1969)
Wasn't really a deterrent at all
Murder rate (2015) = 25% higher in death penalty states than non states (Death Penalty Information Center, 2017)
Social Changes
Social Values
Rules shared by most people in a culture or society
"The elderly should be respected"
Norms
Social expectations that guide our behaviour
Mores
Good ways of behaving + too serious to break
Murder/Sexual Offences
Campaigns affecting policy development
Sarah's Law
Sarah Payne, killed by Roy Whiting
Sarah's parents and News of The World was involved
Newspaper articles, spoke to government
Obtain information about known predators in the area
Ann Ming
Julie Hogg, murdered by Billy Dunlop
Ming wanted to abolish 800-year Double Jeopardy law
Newspaper campaigns, radio, television, politicians
Criminal Justice Act 2003 = Double Jeopardy was abolished
Dunlop = first person convicted under new rule