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Criminology Unit 2: Criminological Theories AC1.1 - Coggle Diagram
Criminology Unit 2: Criminological Theories AC1.1
Crime
Social Definition
If society states that an act is a crime then it becomes one,
They will be detrimental to the society in some type of way
Actus Reus = Guilty Act
Mens Rea = Guilty Mind
Legal Definition
The legal system defines a crime,
behaviour which breaks the law will see the perpetrator punished by the legal system
Formal Sanctions
Non-Court
Cautions
Admit an offence and agree to be cautioned, could be arrested for the offence for not doing so
Conditional Cautions
Agree to certain rules and restrictions (Treatment for drug abuse, repairing damaged property)
Penalty Notices
Given for shoplifting, possessing cannabis or disorderly conduct (18+)
Court
Custodial Sentences
Immediately sent to prison (mandatory, discretionary, fixed term + indeterminate sentences
Community Sentences
Include unpaid work, probation, curfew + treatment
Fines
Financial Penalties = depend on seriousness of the offence and financial circumstances of the offender
Discharge
Defendant reoffends during a set period, an alternative sentence can be given
Deviance
Behaviour going against the social norms of society
Norms
Social expectations that guide behaviour and why people act the way they do
Moral Codes
Moral/good ways of behaving, breaking then would be serious in society
Values
Rules shared by people among a culture/group, their ideal way of living
Types of criminal acts
Fatal Offences against a Person
Murder, Manslaughter
Non-Fatal Offences against a Person
Assault, ABH, GBH
Offences against Property
Theft, Robbery, Burglary
Sexual Offences
Rape, Indecent Assault
Public Order Offences
Riot, Violent Disorder
Drug Offences
Possession of controlled drug/intent to supply