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Energy Systems, Advantages :, Disadvantages :, Advantages :, Disadvantages…
Energy Systems
LACTIC ACID SYSTEM -
Glycogen stored in the muscles and liver is broken down into glucose by the enzyme GPP (Glycogen phosphorylase)
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Each time that process happens, enough energy is released to resynthesise 2 ATP.
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Exercise is still at high intensity, insufficient oxygen available.
So, Pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid by enzyme LDH (lactate dehydrogenase).
Build up of lactic acid lowers pH levels in the muscle, inhibiting the bodies capability to produce energy - performance declines.
This is either stored in the muscle or transported in the blood to another part of the body while it is converted back into pyruvic acid.
- It has a fast speed reaction for fast work
- It does not require oxygen
- There are few chemical reactions
- Provides more ATP that ATP-PC system 2:1
- Lasts between 30 seconds and 3 minutes dependent on intensity
- By product, lactic acid, is fatiguing to muscles
ATP - PC
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PC can only be replenished when there's enough energy in the system
ATP needs to be resynthesized from another substance like glycogen which is stored at muscle and liver,
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Advantages :
- Few reactions are involved and needed
- No fatiguing by product
- Energy is stored in muscles
- Energy is provided immediately
- Dosent need oxygen
Disadvantage :
- Only lasts 10 seconds.
- Short action or high intensity sport like shotput
AEROBIC SYSTEM
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So, pyruvic acid moves from sarcoplasm into the matrix of the mitochondria.
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- Very efficient
- 36 ATP for every molecule of Gylcogen
- 138 ATP for every palmitic acid molecule (fat molecule)
- Almost limitless energy production
- No fatiguing by products
- Uses fats as its energy source
- Only suited to low-moderate intensity activities
- Takes time to transition to the system
- Takes upto 20 mins to start using fats as an energy source
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