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Descolonization and “Third World” - Coggle Diagram
Descolonization and “Third World”
A WORLDWIDE TREND
"National liberation movements" were
consolidated or formed in several places.
Worldwide decolonization gained
strength. A large number of new
independent states were formed, which
became part of the UN.
The continent where decolonization had
the greatest impact was Africa.
INITIAL CONFLICTS
Internal ethnic and regional confrontations,
economic interests of the former colonial
metropolises or local groups generated conflicts in
many of the nascent states. The social movements,
unions and peasant organizations that fought for
independence also called for socio-economic
reforms, resisted by the heirs of colonial power.
END OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE
Britain won the world war, but lost its colonial
empire, the largest in the world. In a few years,
India, Burma, Malaysia and Singapore became
independent. The Caribbean colonies also achieved
their independence.
FRENCH COLONIAL CONFLICTS
The French colonial empire ended and left the country a few minor dependencies. The Japanese
had occupied French Indochina and promoted nationalism. The French tried to recover those
colonies, but unleashed a war, which lasted a decade and ended with the independence of
Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia.
THIRD WORLD
It was called, then, First World to
the group of developed capitalist
countries that concentrated the
greatest wealth of the planet.
The Second World was
constituted by the Soviet Union
and its communist allies, which
were also industrialized, but with
less economic growth.
NON – ALLIED COUNTRIES
In the world positions arose that tried to maintain independence with respect to the two poles.
These were developed countries that adopted socialist regimes, but without submitting to the
Soviets, such as Yugoslavia, led by Josip Broz Tito; from nationalist processes, such as the one led
by Nasser in Egypt, or from countries with enormous poverty that maintained a capitalist system,
but advocated good relations with both blocs, such as India ruled by Jawaharlal Nehru.