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Soils - Coggle Diagram
Soils
-
How do they
form?
- soil develops on bare
rock (bedrock)
- rock weathers allowing
small plants (lichens/mosses)
to colonise
- more bedrock weathering,
bigger plants grow deeper
into mineral material
(grasses/herbs)
- all time plants are growing
and dying - producing humus
(big source nutrients for plants)
- soil burrowing organisms (worms)
mix humus down into rocky material
below (A horizon)
Layers
-
B horizon
-
Leeching
- occurs in areas of high rainfall
- water infiltrating into soil
- dissolves + washes away nutrients
from A horizon to B
C horizon
-
no organic material here
just sand, silt, clay
Structure
-
affected by:
- amount of humus
- nature of mineral component
determines:
- ease of access of roots
- rate at which water infiltrates
- amount of air move through
best to worst -
1-crumb, 2-blocky,
3-prismatic, 4-platy
-