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VACCINATION IN ADULT TRAVELERS - Coggle Diagram
VACCINATION IN ADULT TRAVELERS
Yellow feve
Indications
Countries that require proof of YF vaccination as a condition of entry
Travelers aged ≥9 months who are traveling to or living in areas at risk of transmission
Contraindications
Age <6 months, allergy to a vaccine component, and thymic disorders.
Precaution for age ≥60 years of age, infants aged 6 to 8 months, pregnancy
Primary immunodeficiencieS, transplant recipients, immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies, HIV whose CD4 count is <200/mL.
Adverse reactions
Immediate hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reactions
Vaccine-associated neurologic disease (YEL-AND) – YEL-AND
Vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) – YEL-AVD
Dose and time of administration
A single 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection
Should be administered with other live viral vaccines.
Fractional dosing (a single 0.1 mL) is used in emergency situations to control outbreaks.
Hepatitis B
Dose and time of administration
3 IM doses: Initial dose is followed by repeat doses at 1 and 6 months after the first dose, 3th dose should be given ≥2 months after the second dose.
Recombivax HB, Engerix-B, and Heplisav-B or Twinrix
Indications
Any traveler with potential contact with blood or bodily secretions
Risk groups
Countries with intermediate to high endemicity
Contraindications
Individuals with comorbidities antibody titers can be checked
Can be administered to immunosuppressed patients
Hypersensitivity to hepatitis B vaccine or any component of the formulation
Adverse reactions
Low-grade fever, malaise, headache, joint pain, and myalgia
Soreness over the site of injection
Hepatitis A
Indications
Countries with intermediate to high endemicity
All developing countries
Adverse reactions
At injection site: Erythema, soreness, warmth, pain, swelling or tenderness
Decreased appetite, fever or weakness
Drowsiness, headache, irritability
Dose and time of administration
Immunocompromised individuals vaccine with additional IG or second dose at least four weeks after the first dose
Protection for healthy individuals ≤40 years.
Combination: Twinrix and Vivaxim
Monovalent: HAVRIX or VAQTA (age ≥1 year).
Unvaccinated travelers for postexposure administered IG+ hep A vaccine
Contraindications
Acceptable for use in pregnancy and for immunocompromised individuals
Hypersensitivity to hepatitis A vaccine or any component of the formulation
Rabies
Adverse reactions
Abdominal pain, nausea, lymphadenopathy
Injection site: Pruritus, erythema, soreness, warmth, pain, swelling or tenderness
Dizziness, headache, malaise
Contraindications
Acceptable for use in pregnancy and for immunocompromised individuals
Hypersensitivity to rabies vaccine or any component of the formulation
Dose and time of administration
PrEP regimen: Series of 3 1 mL intramuscular doses on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28.
Formulations: HDCV; Imovax and PCECV; RabAvert.
Shortened PrEP: Immunocompetent individuals <18 years, two doses on days 0 and 7.
Postexposure vaccination: Administration of two booster doses spaced by three days.
Indications
Children are at increased risk
Travelers visiting endemic areas who anticipate contact with animals
COVID19
Sinovac
Indications
All individuals aged 18 years or older
Adverse reactions
Anaphylaxis
Local injection site reactions
Fevers, chills, fatigue, myalgias, headache
Dose and time of administration
0.5 ml given intramuscularly in two doses 28 days apart
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to COVID vaccine or any component of the formulation
Astrazeneca
Dose and time of administration
2 doses:
4 to 12 weeks apart
8 to 12 weeks apart
Indications
All individuals aged 18 years or older
Adverse reactions
Fevers, chills, fatigue, myalgias, headache
Very rare thrombotic complications or Guillain-Barre syndrome
Local injection site reactions
Contraindications
History of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia
Hypersensitivity to COVID vaccine or any component of the formulation
Pfizer
Indications
All individuals aged 5 years or older
Adverse reactions
Fevers, chills, fatigue, myalgias, headache
Local injection site reactions
Anaphylaxis
Dose and time of administration
5 to 11 years of age:
Primary series: Two intramuscular doses of 0.1 mL each are given 21 days apart.
≥12 years of age:
Primary series: Two intramuscular doses of 0.3 mL each are given 21 days apart.
Booster dose: One intramuscular dose of 0.3 mL, given at least five months after the last dose in the primary series.
Contraindications
History of anaphylaxis
Hypersensitivity to COVID vaccine or any component of the formulation