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Northern Revolt 1569 - Coggle Diagram
Northern Revolt 1569
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Religious Settlement
- end religious conflict
- moderate Protestantism
- 1558 = religious settlement
-Act of Supremacy = makes herself Governess of Church of England. All Clergy = Oath of Supremacy
-Act of Uniformity = Book of common prayer = vague terminology, design of churches, crucifixes, vestments.
-Royal injunctions = list of rules = punishments
- attempt to unite the country after changes in religion under Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I. Designed to settle divide between Catholics and Protestants. Address differences.
- Northern Earls = strong Catholics. Upset by the settlement. These factors and arrival of Mary pushed them to brink of rebellion.
Actions of rebels
- The patterns shown on the map indicate there wasn't a plan for rebellion
- rebellion triggered by Elizabeths orders, no time for strategy to free Mary
- rebels march on Durham and capture Cathedral
Elizabeth response
- orders Northern Earls to visit court (triggers rebellion)
- sends out Royal army and moves Mary away to Coventry
- Earl of Sussex = leader of council of the North. in charge of defence.
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Trigger causes of Revolt
- Genoese Loan theft - Cecil commandeered the Spanish Bullion taking refuge from Dutch pirates, heightening Anglo-Spanish relations and relations with Catholics
- Actions of Duke of Norfolk - Northern Earls believed that Norfolk would join them in a rebellion but decided not to, possibly being too late
- Elizabeths centralisation of power and demotion of Northern gentry from their previous positions.
Court Plot
- Elizabeth's refusal to marry, religious policy and promotion of William Cecil upset many in court
- Plan created to marry Mary to Duke of Norfolk, most senior noble in England
- Plot devised by Norfolk, the Northern Earls and even Elizabeth's fave, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester
- would introduce Catholicism and restore any instability (unmarried monarch and foreign policy)
- When Elizabeth heard of plot, conspirators submitted to her
Role of William Cecil
- Elizabeth's chief minister and Secretary of State. Advised Elizabeth during her reign
- had executive power to make decisions
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Impact of Spain - Genoese Loan. Elizabeth seized gold (owned by Italians) from a Spanish ship, treated it as a loan from the Italians to England.
- rebels thought the Spanish would help them after the capture of Hartlepool port but they didnt
- Spanish = catholic