LATIN AMERICA IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURY:
LATIN AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS:
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DIRTY WAR:
US AND CUBA RELATIONSHIPS DETERIORATED
KINDS OF GOVERNMENT OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
Throughout the 20th century, many Latin American countries suffered from military dictatorships or authoritarian regimes.
4-. The location of some countries that became independent in the 19th century.
-Mexico
-Haitian
-Colombia
-Venezuela
-Brazil
5-. Simon Bolivar's contribution:
-Liberated the northern parts of Latin America.
-Indigenous peoples led the revolutionary effort.
-During the 1820s, he attempted to unify the regions under a federal constitution inspired by the US constitution.
2-. Father Miguel Hidalgo launched a movement for Mexican independence.
CIVIL WARS
OPERATION CONDOR
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5-.Subsequently, the military campaign began when the Yankees invaded Haiti, Nicaragua, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Grenada and Panama.
6-.The interventionist policy left a bloody legacy of assassinations and disappearances, in Nicaragua in the 70s and 80s there were more than 100,000 victims.
4-.In 1960, military conflict broke out in Vietnam, which lasted until 1975.
3-.In 1950, war broke out between the two Koreas and Korea was divided into North and South Korea.
2-.During the struggle, sympathisers and supporters of communist revolution emerged as people generally living under the brutal order of these regimes tended to be oppressed.
3-.In Argentina, between 10,000 and 30,000 people were killed or disappeared in the dirty war that followed the military coup.
1.-South America was consumed when the United States backed tyrants and dictators across the continent to fight the spread of communism.
4-.Abductions, torture and prison camps were the order of the day.
5.-Tactics were exported out of Argentina through Operation Condor.
1-.It became known as Operation Condor when dictatorships established a combined system of arrest and repression against the left-wing opposition.
2-.Plan Condor was implemented in Chile on 28 November 1975. Representatives of the Armed Forces: Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay and Paraguay.
3-.Operation Condor served to refine this dynamic and is divided into 3 stages in which the degree of repression against the opponent is gradually increased.
4-.The United States knew Operation Condor in detail.
1-.Slaves in Haiti rebelled, abolished slavery and won independence. It was the first to follow the United States to independence.
Mexico:
Brasil:
2-.After World War I and World War II, there were many war events.
1-.Continental Europe at the beginning of the 20th century was ruled by: Britain, France, Italy, Germany, countries with serious hostile conflicts over control of markets, raw materials, etc.
Brazil projected itself as a federal country.
Mexico projected itself as a peaceful and democratic country.
5-. Following these atrocities, and in response to the violation of international aviation law, they passed the Cuban Democratic Solidarity and Freedom Act.
4-. In 1996, the Cuban military shot down two US-registered civilian aircraft in international airspace, killing three US citizens and one US resident.
3-. In 1984, the US and Cuba negotiated an agreement to resume normal immigration. But in 1990s saw another migration crisis that strained US-Cuba relations.
2-.During the 1970s, the US and Cuba began to explore the normalisation of relations, but negotiations were suspended in 1975 when Cuba launched a large-scale intervention in Angola.
1-.Cuba built close ties with the Soviet Union and acted as a proxy for the Soviet Union in Africa and some Latin American countries, which fuelled Cold War tensions and kept bilateral relations unstable over the years.
3-. The South American Creoles, led by Simón Bolívar, continued their revolts and gained independence from the rest of Latin America.