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Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) Quota - Coggle Diagram
Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) Quota
What is it?
Allows reservation in educational institutions
Clause (6) to Article 16 to facilitate reservation in employment
Added Clause (6) to Article 15
EWS reservation will be in addition to the existing reservation
10% reservation was introduced through the 103rd Constitution Amendment
Significance of the quota
Socially and educationally backward General categories
Successor to community-based quotas
A new class of affirmative action program
Criteria for EWS quota
Income from all sources such as salary, business, agriculture and profession
Annual income limit of ₹8 lakh+ are excluded
Non possession of these-
Five or more acres of agricultural land
A residential flat of 1,000 sq.ft. and above
A residential plot of 100 square yards and above in notified municipalities, and
A residential plot of 200 square yards and above in other areas
Court’s questions about the criteria
Socio-economic backwardness
Metropolitan criteria
Arbitrariness over income limit
No substantial data
Reduction within general category
Breach of reservation cap
Practical issues with EWS Quota
Morality put to question
Morality put to question
Minority appeasement
Under-reservation of OBCs
Hasty legislation
Way forward
Judicial interpretation will make idea clear
Targetted beneficiaries should be identified
Rational critera for minorities
Income criteria should be extensively surveyed
EWS recognizes merit
Context
A Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court, in a 3:2 majority decision, upheld the validity of the 103rd Constitutional Amendment, which provides 10% reservation in government jobs and educational institutions to the Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) of society.