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Hardware and operating systems - Coggle Diagram
Hardware and operating
systems
Computer language and function
When we communicate or memorise a sentence or make calculations we use a lot of different svmhols, sounds an images and only the numbers 0 and 1 this the binary sistem
ASCII
We give a code to each of the letters of the alphabet these codes in consist in "0" and "1"
Computers functions
output of data using peripheral devices
storing data in the storage devices
input of data using peripheral devices
procesing data in the central processing unit (CPU), using the microprocesso and the memory
Computer elemnts
Microprocessor
Today's microprocessors can process 64 bits at a time
A micrprocessor's power -also depends on its cache memory and the speed at which it communicates with the RAM
The clock rate sets the pace at which processes are completed. The clock continuosly generates electrial impulses
Memory and units of storage
Cache memory
RAM cannot work at the same speed at the microprocessor so a much faster memory is installed between the RAM and the microprocessor
ROM BIOS
When you turn on your computer it automatically check the svstem
RAM
I he computer s nmin memory is its RAM
Software and operating systems
Applications
Presentations
Database managements tools
Spreadsheets
Drawing programs
Word processors
Antivirus software
Programing Ianguages
These programs can be used to create other programs and applications
operating system
Manages the resources making them available for use by the user and the applications
Windows operating system
Installing and uninstalling programs
If a buy a program from a shop it will be on oneor more CDs or DVDs however nowadays more and more people ere buying all sorts of programs on the internet
Hard disk maintenance
Defragmenting the hard disk
The hard disk store files in small blocks
Cleaning the hard disk
Over time your computer accumulates unnecesary progrmas and files
Detecting and reparing errors
It's important to check the hard disk ocaasionally
Saving power
It's especially important to select the right power options for laptops to do this, click on panerl de control - opciones de enrgia
system updates
Operating system are constantly being updated there are two ways in wich you can do this
Linux operating system
istalling and unitalling programs
Añadir
Go to the aplicaciones menu and select Añadir y quitar. The Añadir y quitar aplicaciones window will appear
Confirm the installation by clickng on aplicar
Click on aplicar cambios to apply the
changes
Select the program you want
Quitar
The operating system will unistall the application
Go back to aplicaciones - añadir y quitar
In añadir y quitar select the program and click on aplicar cambios
How to keep up to date
Open the gestor de actualizaciones through sistema - administración
Click on comprobar a list of recommended updates will appear
Computer networks
Metropolitan area networks made up of several LANs
Wide area networks covery a contry or continent
Local area networks or LANs
Elemnts in a network
The hub distributes all of the information it receives between the other computers in tthe network
This information travels down a tranmission medium normally a cabale similar to a telephone wire with an Rj45 connector on the end
Each computer needs an adaptor or network card to send information to the other computers and recive information back
Wireless networks
Networks with a combination of wired and wireless devices use wireless accese points (WAP) that we can use to transmit data through wires or electrmagnetics waves
Shared internet access
Using internet connection sharing (ICS) where all communication is through one computer thet mus be switched on all time
Using a router wich detects data and directs it to and from the internet
