THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS
catholic monarchs
Dynastic union of Aragón and Castilla
Domestic reforms
Religious policy
Foreign policy
Economy and society
Art and culture
end of 15th century
established authoritarian monarchy
1469
Isabella married Ferdinand
who was Crow Prince Aragón
1474
civil war broke
between
Joanna's supporters
Isabella's supporters
1479
end 1479 Isabella won
Ferdinand King of Aragón
dynastic union Castilla, Aragón
no unitary state
refer as Hispanic Monarchy
to centralise power
four objectives
weaken power of nobility
reduce autonomy of kingdoms
restrict autonomy of urban oligarchies
improve international relations
Castilla
Aragón
monarchs appointed mayor
sortition system maintained
selected by lottery
viceroy created
Inquisition
power General Courts reduce
represent monarch
in each kingdoms
establish religious unity
Jews, Muslims were expelled
Jews
Mudéjar
persecuted on end of MA
15th century antisemitism increased
offended God, were bankers
1492 forced to convert
Sephardic Jews
no convert
force to live their home
conversos
converts
investigated, persecuted
by Inquisition
Muslims lived Christian territories
forced them to baptised
result many revolts
expelled from
Castilla 1502
Aragón 1526
Moriscos
converted
persecuted by Inquisition
strategies
Monarch's objectives
isolation of France
consolidation Crow Aragón
unification Iberian Peninsula
diplomatic
military
union with Portugal
Isolation of France
on Iberian Peninsula
Outside Iberian Peninsula
Castilla 1478
religious court, controlled by Crown
diplomatic corps
Castilla authoritarian monarchy
represented monarchs other kingdoms
expanded
Aragón
maintained pact tradition
king made decisions
approval of regional institutions
royal treasury great power to control
judicial system Castilla audiencias
territories, Castilla, Aragón, Navarra
Santa Hermandad fight crime rural Castilla
place Military Orders under monarchs'
permanent army professional soldiers
expansion across Atlantic
married Isabella with king Portugal
son going to inherit 3 kingdoms
died both
Maria sister of Isabella married King
1493
agreement with France
Roussillon, Cerdanya returned to Aragón
France continued main enemy
maried their children
to English princes, Holy Roman Empire
to isolate France
1492
1512
Italy
The Atlantic Ocean
Ferdinand conquered Navarra
prevent form alliance France
part of Crown Castilla
nothern Africa
Boabdil ruler of kingdom Granada
after ten years war
sorrended the Muslims peninsula
between 1497, 1510
enclaves operated by pirates concered
Melilla, Oran, Bugia, Ceuta (kingdom Portugal)
defeated French
secured Aragónese territories
forces of Gonzalo Fernández
Naple, Sicily, Sardinia
Tha Canary Islands
Crown of Castilla
Crown of Aragón
situation
after economic, demographic crises
cereal farming decline
Transhumance livestock farming
travelled along cañadas reales
exportation of wool very important
Honrado Concejo de la Mesta
controled wool trade
Burgos Consulate
control exportation wool
cantabrian ports Bilbao, Santander
textile industries Flanders, England
textile industry domestic demand
agriculture
sufered
least land for growing crops
vinegar, olive groves mantened Andalucía
main source of wealth
precious metal
from the Americas
abuse of nobility
trade in Mediterranean
benefitted Italian territories
main ports Valencia, Barcelona
benefitted other economic activities
shipbuilding
textile industry
protected local industry
taxes, fines, other arbitrary measures
uprising called War of the Remences
Ferdinand ended
with Sentencia Arbitral de Guadalupe 1486
new humanist, renaissance in Europe
Spain maintained medieval traditions
characteristics
founding of new universities
most important humanist Juan Luis Vives
Importance Castillan language
Gothic artistic style maintained
philologist, historian Antonio de Nebrija
first grammar 1492
cardinal Cisneros Alcalá de Henares University
convert Jew
exile escape Inquistion
educational reforms
sculpture
architecture
painting
commissioned by monarchs
isabelline style, Cisneros style
Domenico Fancell
Tomb of the Catholic Monarchs
Pedro Berruguete
greatly influenced by Flemish
