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160 years of the Indian Penal Code - Coggle Diagram
160 years of the Indian Penal Code
About IPC
Established in 1834 under the Charter Act of 1833
Chairmanship of Lord Macaulay
Recommended by first Law Commission
Did not apply automatically in the Princely States
Official criminal code of India covering all substantive aspects of criminal law
Key features
Survived for over 150 years in several jurisdictions without major amendments
Supreme Court of UK has applauded the efficacy
Much ahead of its time
It covered many modern crimes involving technology
Universally acknowledged as a cogently drafted code
Some controversial sections
Section 124A: Sedition
Section 153A: Hate Speech
Section 309: Criminalizing Suicide (scrapped)
Section 497: Adultery (Scrapped)
Section 377: Homosexuality (scrapped)
Section 499: Criminal Defamation
Lacunae in IPC
Colonial attempt
Modern crimes not covered ex. cyber crime
Covers generic offences
Persistence of Capital Punishment
Unchallenged and archaic
Other legacy challenges
Lack of awareness among people
Complex language of interpretation
Delays in criminal trials
Way forward Malimath Committee (2003)
Need to have empirical legal research
Parallel reforms in Policing
Enforceability check
Cover modern laws to include diverse offences
Cover gender-based offences