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Calcium homeostasis - Coggle Diagram
Calcium homeostasis
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Bone
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PTH effect
- insert Ca2+ pump into osteocyte membrane
- increase fluid transfer
- regulate osteoblast synthesis of proteins
Vit D effect
- increase Ca2+ flux into bone
- promote osteoclast development and enzyme transcription via VDRs
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Extra marks
Clinical
Examples:
- Familial Hypomagnesemia Hypercalciuria(FHH)
- Rickets
- Chronic Kidney disease
Experimental
Nishikawa et al, 2018
- CYP21B1 KO mice
- Illustrates role of 25 OH2 VitD in the body
Huang et al, 2004
- PTH controls expression of OPG and RANKL
Body distribution
- 2.4mM(1/2 free) extracellular
- 40% reversibly bound, 10% bound to anions
- H+ displace: alkalosis --> hypocalcemia
- 0.1 microM intra
- 1kg total: 99% in skeleton and teeth
uptake = excretion: diet ~ 1000mg/day, kidney release 200mg/day, faeces ~ 800mg/day