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Surgery and anatomy key people - Coggle Diagram
Surgery and anatomy key people
Islamic world
Ibn Nafis
Made accurate observations about how the heart worked and how it connected to the lungs
No one made as accurate observations until 500 years later
First person to prove Galen wrong
Renaissance
Vesalius
Dissected human bodies - Proved Galen wrong in many ways - The way the heart works, shape of the liver, location of the kidneys and human jaw having 2 bones
Fabric of the human body, Tabule sex
His books were so detailed that they transformed understanding of human anatomy to a point where
they are still useful today
Pare
Stopped cauterisation and developed ligatures
Army surgeon who ran out of hot oil to use on a gunshot wound
Used an old remedy and found that he was in a lot less pain and was doing better than those who were cauterised
Used ligatures to stitch wounds
Harvey
Said the heart was a pump and that blood flowed around the body
Proved Galen wrong
300 years later his work was vital in the first heart transplant by Christian Barnard
Industrial revolution
Simpson
First effective anaesthetic
Discovered Chloroform could be inhaled and kept people asleep
This meant that surgery could be more controlled and accurate
This lead to surgeons becoming overconfident and they would do much more invasive surgery with no knowledge of germs, leading to deeper infections - The Black age of Surgery
Only widely accepted until Queen Victoria used in childbirth
Lister
After Germ theory, developed Carbolic acid to kill germs during surgery
However it hurt the doctors and nurses hands
Death rate fell by40% as a result of his work as less people were getting infections
"Father of modern surgery"
Modern day
Barnaard
First heart transplant - The patient survived for 18 days
Lead to refining transplants of all kinds
Was due to a new drug found which stopped the immune system rejecting the organ
McIndoe
Plastic surgery - Those with injuries from the war