Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Enlightenment and the Colonial Crisis, image, image, image, image, image,…
Enlightenment and the Colonial Crisis
Introduction
18th century:contradictions --> economic and demographic boom, while others languished and fell into crisis.
Key process:Bourbon Reforms --> movements of independence
Change of dynasty:The 18th century began for Spain with the War of Succession (1701-1713).
FELIPE V
As Philip V was a descendant of the French king, the idea that, in the future, Spain and France would have the same monarch troubled the other European powers, especially England and Holland, who made war on the new king.
The Bourbon Reforms in America
Political reforms
Reinforce real power
Prohibition on creoles to occupy key positions
Territorial reorganization (new limits and jurisdictions, creation of the viceroyalties)
Answers to Bourbon reforms
Indigenous uprisings
Tupac Amaru - the largest in Peru (1780-1781) severely repressed
Quito, Mexico, and Upper Peru.
Produced a growing Creole discontent that prop up the beginning of independency
movements.
Enlightenment ideas
Dignity of human kind
Sovereign was the people
Equality before the law
Separation of the 3 powers
Enlightenment
Introduction of the scientific method
Society transformation by using science and reason to explain natural phenomena.
French thinkers: summarize all the human knowledge Encyclopedia
France ocuppies Spain:
Napoleon did not give up.British prevent trade with Europe.(continental blockade) Napoleon decided to submit by force, coercing Spain to that invaded Portugal. The Spanish people rebelled against King Charles IV in 1808, who abdicated and left as sovereign to
his son, Fernando VII
