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SWING BACK TO CATHOLICISM - HENRY VIII - Coggle Diagram
SWING BACK TO CATHOLICISM - HENRY VIII
EVIDENCE THAT ENGLAND WAS BECOMING MORE PROTESTANT 1529-1539
1533 Act in Restraints of Appeals to Rome
: Began the work of transferring papal powers to the King - King now supreme head of the Church of England and Rome had no power over matrimonial cases.
Cranmer declared Henry's marriage with Catherine null and void, with Henry's marriage to Anne declared valid
Nov 1534 Act of Supremacy
: Henry officially supreme head of the CofE and given right to carry out visitations of monasteries
Listed key treasonable crimes e.g calling King a heretic
1536 Dissolution of Smaller Monasteries
: all monastic houses closed that were valued under £200
1538 Royal Injunctions issues by Cromwell
: English bible to be placed in all parishes within 2 years
1536 Act of Ten Articles:
Seven Sacraments of Catholic doctrine were rejected, leaving belie in only 3 (baptism, the Eucharist and penance). Clear move towards Protestantism
1539 Dissolution of the Greater Monasteries:
all monasteries closed and land passed to crown
EVIDENCE AGAINST THE IDEA THAT ENGLAND WAS BECOMING FULLY PROTESTANT 1529-1539
1529-1535
: No laws passed that attack Catholicism, only attachment to Rome
1537 Bishop's Book
- Kept status of priests, purgatory, and mass vague but did not attack them
Dissolution of monasteries to fund Henry's money for war -
Henry still a Catholic and head of the Church
EVIDENCE THAT ENGLAND WAS SWINGING BACK TO CATHOLICISM IN LATE 1530s-1543
1538
: John Lambert executed for rejecting transubstantiation
1539 Act of Six Articles
: confirmed transubstantiation and forbade the taking of communion in both kinds
28th July 1540
: Cromwell executed
1543
: King's Book defended transubstantiation and the Six Articles. Revised the Bishop's book, written by Henry himself
EVIDENCE THAT 1530s-1543 WAS MORE A PHASE OF CONFUSION
Henry gave protection to his Protestant Archbishop, Cranmer, against accusations of heresy from the Catholic faction
1543 King's Book
: attacked images and encouraged the reformed belief in preaching
1541
: Catholic Catherine Howard beheaded
1539
: Great Bible and Dissolution of Greater Monasteries
EVIDENCE REFORMIST FACTION TRIUMPHED 1544-1547
1544
: Introduction to English Litany
1544
: Catholic Gardiner removed from the list of regency councillors
1546 :
Catholic Norfolk and son placed in tower (son executed)
King's dry stamp controlled by Anthony Denny (reformist and member of Privy Council)
John Cheke (Protestant humanist) made Edward's tutor
EVIDENCE THAT THEY DID NOT TRIUMPH
1544 English Litany = optional
1544
Catholic Gardiner only removed because he wanted Pope back, not because Henry was anti-Catholic
Henry still technically a Catholic, but wasn't able to control to Church due to his health