Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Shoulder injurys - Coggle Diagram
Shoulder injurys
-
BANKART LESION
- lesion of the anterior part of glenoid labrum of the shoulder
- repeated anterior shoulder subluxations, glenohumeral joint is very unstable and so is frequently dislocated.
- dislocations caused by abduction, extension, external rotation and external rotation
- Hawkins test
- shoulder pain, pain gets worse when arm is held behind the back
- overhead activitys, volleyball, tennis, handball
STEP DEFORMITY
- The AC joint is a diarthroid joint with interposed fibrocartilaginous meniscal disc that connects clavicle to acromion
- falling onto an outstretched arm, direct blow to shoulder causing ligament tear
- immediate swelling and pain, audible pop or crack at time of injury
- step deformity- visibly raised point of shoulder where collar bone and shoulder blades separated due to ligament tear
- Hockey, rugby, skinning, snowboarding
- Mazzocca et al 2007, AC injurys account for 9% of shoulders injurys
SLAP TEAR
- Superior labrum anterior and posterior
- superior part of glenoid labrum is injured, where the biceps tendon attatches to the labrum
- arm forcefully bend inwards and twists at shoulder
- humeral head tears biceps tendon and labrum cartilage from glenoid bone
- falling on an outstretched arm
-
- basesball, overhead throwing
- Andrews et al 1985 noted that 83% of 73 throwers exhibited labral lesions when evaluated arthroscopically
POPEYE DEFORMITY
- bulging muscle in the distal aspect of the biceps
- complete long head of biceps tendon tear which causes distal migration of the long head of biceps
- caused by overuse of biceps muscle, repetitive movements of bicep of injury from a fall
- pain and noticeable dip where long head of biceps is
- weakness in shoulder & elbow, bruising, pop
- Clayton & Court- Brown 2018- most common in 60 year olds
FROZEN SHOULDER
- ball and socket joint, normally is one of the most mobile joints in the body, but shoulder becomes stuck and movement is limited
- capsule thickens and tightens around the shoulder joint, restricting its movement
- linked to post injury situations that alter the normal moving patterns predisposing shoulder to restricted ROM ans=d stiffening
- Empty cans test, speeds test, needs and Hawkins and Kennedy impingement tests
- Meizan et al 2021- Females are 4 times more often affected than men
- people 40 and older
- overhead activitys, tennis volleyball
SUPRASPINATUS TEAR
- O= Supraspinous fossa of scapula
- I= Greater tubercle of humerus
- acute tear can occur with other shoulder injurys - falling on an outstretched arm, lifting something too heavy
- degenerative- wear and tear of the tendon slowly over time - increases with age, common in dominant arm
- Empty can/Full can
- pain , muscle weakness, limited ROM, crepitus
- Yamatotor et al, 2010- found rotator cuff injurys are most commonly associated with elderly patients, males, affected the dominant arm
- ages over 40, more common in males
- overhead activitys