Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

3.2 - 3.4 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Ex: sand and copper sulfate
  - - - Ex:
- - - - They do this by either...
        
        Sharing electrons (covalent bonding)
        
        Transferring electrons (ionic bonding)
        
        Ionic bonding is formed when metals react with non-metals
        
        Ionic bonding is the electrostatic force of attraction holding the ions together
    - - Atoms of the noble gases, in Group 0 of the PT (Periodic Table), have the electronic structure that'll make them stable and unreactive
    - - Ionic bonding (losing electrons to form positive ions)
        
        The ions have electronic structure of a noble gas
        
        Atoms loses electrons to make positive ions
        
        Ex: Sodium (2,8,1) loses 1 electron to make a stable electronic structure of neon (2,8). After it loses 1 electron, the ion have one more protons than electrons which made it a positive ion
      - Ionic bonding (gaining electrons to form negative ions)
        
        When non-metal react with metals, non-metal gain electrons to make the stable electronic structure of a noble gas
        
        Ex: Chlorine (2,8,7) gains 1 electron to make a stable electronic structure of argon (2,8,8). There are more electrons than protons, which mean it's a negative ion
- - - - Ions are attracted to opposite charged electrodes held in moten compounds and can carry their own electrical charge through the liquid
        
        Solid ionic compound can't conduct electricity because its ions are held together in fixed positions in the lattice
  - - - Ions also carry their own charge to oppositely charged electrodes in the solution and can move to oppositely charged electrodes dipped in the solution
      - Like molten ionic compound, solutions of ionic compounds are able to conduct electricity
- - - - Ex: Group 1 in the PT has one electron in their outermost shell. Group 7 in the PT have seven electrons in their outermost shell
    - - Atoms from group 1 form 1+ ions
      - Atoms from group 2 form 2+ ions
      - Atoms from group 3 form 3+ ions, when they form ions instead of sharing ions
      - Atoms from group 4 don't form ions (apart from Sn and Pb, at the bottom of the group)
      - Atoms from group 5 form 3- ions, when they form ions instead of sharing ions
      - Atoms from group 6 form 2- ions, when they form ions instead of sharing ions
      - Atoms from group 7 form 1- ions, when they form ions instead of sharing ions
      - Atoms from group 0 never form ions in compounds