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Sociologie, The Souls of Black Folk, 1903, essays, The first chapter also…

- - - - Likewise, the “Negro problem" was ostensibly “not one problem, but rather a plexus of social problems,” and had less correlation to a black “social pathology” than to whites’ enforcement of racial discrimination and a provision of unequal opportunity
- - - - 1945: Human Ecology
      - His interests included city life, minority group behavior, and mass media, and he is recognised as one of the leading urban sociologists.
    - - « Présentation de la Hobohème », Le Hobo, sociologie
        du sans-abri, 1923
    - - American philosopher, sociologist, and psychologist, primarily affiliated with the University of Chicago, where he was one of several distinguished pragmatists.
  - - - His best-known contribution to social theory is his study of symbolic interaction. This took the form of dramaturgical analysis. His major areas of study included the sociology of everyday life, social interaction, the social construction of self, social organization (framing) of experience, and particular elements of social life such as total institutions and stigmas.
      - 1956 book The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
    - - et Laurent Riot, « Les problèmes sociaux comme
        comportements collectifs »,
      - An ongoing theme throughout his work, he argued that the creation of social reality is a continuous process.[2] Blumer was also a vociferous critic of positivistic methodological ideas in sociology.
- - - - Berger and Luckmann introduced the term social construction into the social sciences and were strongly influenced by the work of Alfred Schütz. Their central concept is that people and groups interacting in a social system create, over time, concepts or mental representations of each other's actions, and that these concepts eventually become habituated into reciprocal roles played by the actors in relation to each other. When these roles are made available to other members of society to enter into and play out, the reciprocal interactions are said to be institutionalized. In the process, meaning is embedded in society. Knowledge and people's conceptions (and beliefs) of what reality is become embedded in the institutional fabric of society. Reality is therefore said to be socially constructed.
- - - - social action theory
        
        Parsons established action theory to integrate the study of social action and social order with the aspects of macro and micro factors. In other words, he was trying to maintain the scientific rigour of positivism, while acknowledging the necessity of the "subjective dimension" of human action incorporated in hermeneutic types of sociological theorizing.
      - System of Modern Societies, 1971
    - - Merton’s contribution to sociology falls into three areas: (1) sociology of science; (2) sociology of crime and deviance; (3) sociological theory. He developed notable concepts, such as "unintended consequences", the "reference group", and "role strain", but is perhaps best known for the terms "role model" and "self-fulfilling prophecy".[3]
      - Social Theory and Social Structure (STSS), 1949
- - - - The Power Elite 1956
        
        Mills calls attention to the interwoven interests of the leaders of the military, corporate, and political elements of society and suggests that the ordinary citizen is a relatively powerless subject of manipulation by those entities
      - The Sociological Imagination, 1959
        
        In it, he develops the idea of sociological imagination, the means by which the relation between self and society can be understood.