Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Progressive neurological conditions - Coggle Diagram
Progressive neurological conditions
Multiple sclerosis (MS)多發性硬化
description / definition
It's a lifelong condition that can sometimes cause serious disability, although it can occasionally be mild.
a condition that can affect the brain and spinal cord
An autoimmune demyelinating disease characteristerated by inflammation
incidence / prevalence
in 20s and 30s and it can develop at any age
2 or 3 times more common in women than men
key features / sign and symptoms
fatigue
difficult walking
vision problems
numbness or tingling in different parts of the body
muscle stiffness and spasms
problems with balance and co-ordination
problems with thinking, learning and planning
the course / prognosis
rarely fatal, but complications may arise from severe Ms, such as chest or bladder infections, or swallowing diffiicults
5 to 10 years lower than average
the neurological of MS
Axons are coated by the myelin sheath which aids the transmission of nerve impulses in this way:
Myelin can be seen as being a bit like the plastic or rubber insulation around rubber wires.
Neurons associate closely with much smaller cells known as neuroglia or more simply glial cells, there are several types of neuroglia each with there own function. Two types of neuroglia are thought to be closely linked with myelin:
Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes are the axon’s maintenance cells, they create and repair the myelin sheath. Each oligodendrocyte maintains several axons and each axon is maintained by several oligodendrocytes.
Astrocytes
seem to have a dual role in that they are thought to e
nhance the immune responses promoting inflammation. aiding axonal degeneration & dymyelination and inhibiting myelin repair by damaging oligodendrocytes resulting in glial scarring but they also can be protective supporting the function of oligodendrocytes and axonal regeneration.
Involve inflammatory
degenerative
The condition of MS
Remyelination – the cells myelin cover cannot be completely rebuilt so repeated attacks lead to fewer successful remyelinations and thus to the formation of lesions in the irriversibly damaged areas.
Multiple Sclerosis
The specific symptoms that appear
depend upon which part of the central nervous system is affected
and the function of the damaged nerve.
The OT participation
double vision
the obcious numb
the doppling things (r.g. camera, make up)
the hand using (writing)
pins and needles
depression
loss balance
immune system damage
low mobility
treatment
two injections
Parkinson's disease(PD)
description / definition
Parkinson's disease is a condition in which parts of the brain become progressively damaged over many years.
incidence or prevalence
around 1 in 500 people are affected by parkinson's disease
develop symptoms when they are over 50s
men are more slightly to get parkinson's disease
the course or prevalence
Parkinson's disease is caused by a loss of nerve cells in part of the brain called the substantia nigra. This leads to a reduction in a chemical called dopamine in the brain.
sign or symptoms
tremor
slow movement
stiff and inflexible muscle
depression and anxiety
balance problem
anosmia
insomnia
memory problems
The cause
symptoms
The OT particopation
The impact of these conditions on person's occupational performance