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TOPIC 2 - World War One
and its Consequences, TREATY OF VERSAILLES, PARIS…
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By the fall of 1918, the Central Powers were unraveling on all fronts.
Austria-Hungary, dissolving from within due to growing nationalist movements among its diverse population, reached an armistice on November 4.
Facing dwindling resources on the battlefield,
discontent on the home front and the surrender of its allies Germany was finally forced to seek an armistice on November 11, 1918.
World War I officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919.
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkish and the rest of allied, asked for the harmony (suspension of agreed hostilities) on November, 1918.
The agreements of peace were discussed in Paris Conference on January 1919. There were participated 32 states but, the decisions were taken by France, Britain, USA and Italy.
Austria - Hungary was separated in two small republics because of another treaty and the empire was dissolved.
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Also the Turkish Empire was dissolved and its dependencies became colonies of the winning countries.
At the outbreak of fighting in 1914, the United States remained on the sidelines of World War
In 1915, Germany declared the waters surrounding the British Isles to be a war zone, and German Uboats sunk several commercial and passenger vessels, including some U.S. ships.
In February 1917, Congress passed a $250 million arms appropriations bill intended to make the United States ready for war. Germany sunk four more U.S
Four empires were dismembered with the war: Russia, Autria-Hungary, Turkish and Germany, there were revolutions in four of the warring countries in 1918, and the attention of the new governments.
Two great characters emerged: Woodrow Wilson (USA President and proposed the creation of Society of Nations) and Vladimir Lenin (leader of the Bolshevik revolutionaries and proclaimed the world socialist revolution).
There were no agencies established to keep records of these fatalities, but it is clear that the displacement of peoples through the movement of the war in Europe and in Asia Minor,accompanied as it was in 1918.
Machine guns and rapid-firing artillery, when used in combination with trenches and barbed-wire emplacements, gave a decided advantage to the defense.
The planning and conduct of war in 1914 were crucially influenced by the invention of new weapons and the improvement of existing.
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