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The rule of Henry VIII and Wolsey, 1509-29 - Coggle Diagram
The rule of Henry VIII and Wolsey, 1509-29
H8: The early years
Early life
Not originally brought up as heir: changed in 1502 when brother died. Well educated, and trained in jousting, and showed himself as intellectually gifted.
First Decisions: 1) Inherited councillors from H7. He ordered arrest of H7's chief financial enforcers, Epsom and Dudley of the Council of Learned Law, and abolished this court. 2) Honoured promise to marry CoA after Prince Arthur's death. Was seen as chivalrous, but was really to wait and be certain this marriage would being a diplomatic advantage to England
Character and skill: Attractive, flamboyant and smart. Wanted to be a warrior king, and an imperial king, and wanted to recreate glories of Henry V. He wanted people to believe he was ruling on behalf of God.
Henry's Court: Centre of politics and government. Was a reflection of him; maintained a lavish court, with generous hospitality and patronage. Enjoyed physical activities like hunting and jousting, but also the company of Renaissance scholars. Enjoyed new music, and increased number/quality if royal residences
Treatment of the nobility: V different from H7. Early gestures of goodwill such as banning council of learned law and cancelling 175 bonds and recognisances still owing. Regarded the nobility as his friends and associates. By gathering important men around him, he enhanced prestige of his court. However, like his father, he had suspicions of possible noble rivals, like Yorkist descendant who could challenge the Tudor claim. 1513: Executed Earl of Suffolk (Edward de La Pole). But no serious attempt to replace henry from abroad.
Style of government
Continued to use JP's to carry out his wishes in local government. Also encouraged talented advisers and administrators from outside the nobility.
Privy Chamber became even more importnat. Members had access to the King and travelled with the King's court.
Didn't give day-to-day governance that much attention, giving much greater power to his chief advisers like Wolsey and Cromwell.: encouraged factionalism at court.
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Rise of Wolsey
Born 1472/3 as the son of a butcher in Ipswich. Won a scholarship to Oxford; received degree at 15.He was incredibly able and became treasurer of his college. However, there was a disagreement about whether he obtained correct paperwork to authorise a building project and was forced to leave. In last years of H7's reign he gained patronage under Bishop Fox.
He used support of Fox to become Royal Almoner (responsible for distributing leftover food from palace to the needy poor).
H8 became tired of cautious policy of his fathers advisers and wanted to make his mark. Wolsey showed tireless commitment to his french expedition; H8 was deeply impressed. By 1514, he was referring all major business to Wolsey. W was angering those at court who expected to have major influence over King as he was ruthless to those at court with a high social rank.
Rise to high office in Church and state: 1513: Dean of York and Bishop of Tournai. 1514: Bishop of Lincoln and Archbishop of York. 1515: Made Cardinal by Pope and became Lord Chancellor. 1518: Made Papal Legate by Pope
Duke of Buckingham: Only man to hold Duke title after H7's reign. In 1520 he was investigated by Wolsey for reportedly saying in convo that H8 wasn't going to be King for much longer. 1521: Put in tower. Refused to plead for his life, then was tried and executed. Its belived W played on H8's insecurities to get him to issue this order, and acted as a warning to any attacks on Wolsey.
W ammassed large fortune and was ostentatious. His household extended to over 500 servants and he usually travelled with a large escort of richly dressed attendants bearing his emblems and livery.