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THE INDEPENDECE REVOLUTIONS, KAYLE CULCAY 9 "A" - Coggle…
THE INDEPENDECE REVOLUTIONS
CAUSES
SOCIAL
Was resentment over the prerogatives of the Spaniards.
IDEOLOGICAL
The forerunners of independence became aware of the differences between the colonies and the metropolis.
ECONOMIC
The Bourbon reforms drowned the economy of the colonies by preventing intraregional trade and imposing excessive taxation.
INFLUENCE OF US INDEPENDENCE AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
Influence of the French Revolution. Although the excesses were condemned, the collapse of the Old Regime was perceived as a change of epoch.
THE LACK OF A KING, OCCASION OF AMERICAN BOARDS
Independence - Quito:
Quito was to be the first in the history of Spanish America to proclaim, on August 10, 1809, a government of its own, not appointed by the Crown.
INDEPENDENCE - MEXICO:
In Mexico, the priest Hidalgo would give in the town of Dolores (Guanajuato, 16/08), the scream of independence.
FROM THE BOARDS TO THE WARS OF INDEPENDENCE
The Spanish authorities fiercely repressed the first of the cities to form a Sovereign Junta.They tried to prevent the contagion. The viceroys of Lima and Bogota immediately sent troops with the order to besiege Quito and not allow "a grain of salt" to enter.
INDEPENDENCES
CENTRAL AMERICA
GUATEMALA
One year later, Guatemala and its provinces formed an independent state, of federal character, with the name of United Provinces of the Center of America, being its capital city of Guatemala. This led to a civil war , in which Guatemala could not prevail.
(Chiapas, Soconusco, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Los Altos y Costa Rica) declara su independencia de la Corona española (15-09-1821).
PANAMA
Belonged to the Viceroyalty of New Granada and, therefore, became independent along with Colombia. Of this one separated in 1904, by the direct action of EE. UU, to control the Panama Canal promoted the formation of a separate republic.
THE CASE OF PUERTO RICO
On September 23, 1868, the scream of Lares, of independence against Spain, was produced. The rebellion is crushed in a short time. Puerto Rico continues within the Spanish system until the war between EE. UU and Spain.
After the defeat of this, the island of Puerto Rico happens to be administered by EE. UU and is currently an associated free state of that country. Consequently, it is not an independent country.
MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE
MIGUEL HIDALGO
Frustrated in their desire for autonomy and free trade, a group of conservative creoles proclaimed independence in 1821, but only when Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna was proclaimed president of the Republic in 1833 Spain only recognized Mexican independence in 1839.
BRAZIL: MONARCHICAL INDEPENDENCE
In 1821, Juan VI returned to Portugal, leaving his son Pedro de Braganza as governor of Brazil, but the following year he proclaimed himself emperor of Brazil.
HAITI AND DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
1793 - 1802
François Dominique Toussaint-Louverture took charge of a slave revolt on the French side of the island of Hispaniola and led it between 1793 and 1802. He faced Spanish, English, and French, until his capture, exile, and death in France.
1822
Haitian troops subdued the eastern part of the island of Hispaniola, which would regain its independence from Haiti in 1844. But what will be called the Dominican Republic will not achieve independence from Spain until 1865, after a war that left the country devastated.
1803
Jean Jacques Dessalines finally defeated the French troops and, in 1804, declared the independence of Haiti. It was, thus, the second independent country in America, in this case, led by blacks
INDENDENCE OF CUBA
José Martí organizes the Cuban Revolutionary Party and looks for the old leaders of the revolution, unifies the different currents, builds a small army, and disembarks in Cuba. Martí dies in one of the combat actions (1895), but the revolutionary army continues to fight.
The USA does not want to lose the possibility of taking over the largest island of the Antilles and, in 1898, after the explosion of the battleship Maine in the port of Havana, he declares war on Spain. The intervention of EE. UU precipitated the Spanish defeat and Cuba proclaimed its independence in 1899, although it suffered the American occupation.
After the defeat, the armies of Lima and Bogota occupied the city, and a year later, on August 2, 1810, they murdered 300 patriots and citizens, which shook entire America.
KAYLE CULCAY 9 "A"
