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TOPIC 10 THE INDEPENDENCE REVOLUTIONS - Coggle Diagram
TOPIC 10 THE INDEPENDENCE REVOLUTIONS
The independence of Latin America was the historical process of the rebellion of
its inhabitants against Spanish colonial rule and the formation of independent
national states. It began with the proclamation of Sovereign Boards in 1809.
Some of them - especially the first that of Quito - were repressed by fire and blood
by the Spanish authorities. The process continued until it became a true
continental war.
When proclaiming the Sovereign Boards, the
South American Creoles held three theses: The
rejection of Napoleon's claims to America, the
loyalty to Ferdinand VII and, most importantly,
the illegitimacy of both Joseph Bonaparte and the
colonial authorities appointed by the Spanish
king, who no longer had any power.
François Dominique Toussaint-Louverture took charge of a slave revolt on the
French side of the island of Hispaniola and led it between 1793 and 1802. He
faced Spanish, English, and French, until his capture, exile, and death in France.
In 1803, Jean Jacques Dessalines finally defeated the French troops and, in
1804, declared the independence of Haiti.
osé Martí organizes the Cuban
Revolutionary Party and looks
for the old leaders of the
revolution, unifies the different
currents, builds a small army,
and disembarks in Cuba. Martí
dies in one of the combat
actions (1895), but the
revolutionary army continues to
fight. The USA does not want to lose the possibility of taking over the largest
island of the Antilles and, in 1898, after the explosion of the battleship