Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
EUROPEAN POLITICAL REVOLUTIONS, KAYLE CULCAY 9 "A" - Coggle…
EUROPEAN POLITICAL REVOLUTIONS
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
The unequal distribution of wealth and power among the three states or estates of French society became more acute in the eighteenth century. The clergy (first State) and the nobility (second State) were the privileged: they did not pay taxes, they owned most of the land, they received fees and alms from the peasants.
The third State or plain State lacked privileges and had to pay taxes. It was a very diverse group, from the poorest even the richest bourgeois, all annoyed and resentful, some for hunger and others for lack of access to political power.
The situation worsened in the 1780s, after a series of bad harvests, which produced a rise in prices, especially bread. This provoked popular revolts.
CAUSES OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
Financial:
Louis XVI to implement new taxations and to reduce privileges.
Economic:
Increased bread prices.
Social:
The emergence of an influential bourgeoisie which was formally part of the Third Estate.
Political:
Louis XVI faced virulent opposition from provincial parliaments.
Cultural:
The Enlightenment philosophy desacralized the authority of the King and the Church.
FROM THE TAKE OF THE BASTILLE TO THE REGIME OF TERROR
On 14th of July 1789, the masses rose and seized the medieval fortress, known as The Bastilla.
Trends profiled
The assembly decrees the abolition of feudal rights and forges the declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
In Paris, the Commune is organized as a form of auto-government.
Moderates, called Girondins, wish to abolish the monarchy with order and respect.
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE
He was the general who welded the French armies into a combat force that defeated the other armies of Europe for 20 years, from 1795 to 1815. He expanded France`s Empire.
REVOLUTIONARY CYCLES 1820, 1830 & 1848
1820 & 1830:
Napoleon was defeated by the combined army of England, Prussia and Austria (Waterloo, June 1815), after which the kings decided, in the so-called Congress of Vienna.
1848
The generalized economic crisis in Europe and the workers' discontent led to a rapid and extensive wave of revolutions in 1848, also known as La Primavera de Los Pueblos.
THE THREE ESTATES
During the reign of the monarchs in France, there were three estates, with everyone belonging to one.
First Estate:
Were the clergy or leaders of the Church.
Second Estate:
Consisted of the nobles
Third Estate:
Included everyone else from the middle class down
KAYLE CULCAY 9 "A"
