In Europe, things were changing. First in ideas: after the terrible wars of religion, that ravaged the continent in the previous century and a half, a new consciousness emerged: did not matter more than a man was good and honest, And, second, if there were differences of opinion.
A group of French thinkers threw themselves to a gigantic company: summarize all the human knowledge in a collection of books they called the Encyclopedia.
Thinkers, like Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Diderot, defended these ideas in the Encyclopedia and other books.
These ideas added to the hunger of the people, they caused the Revolution to break out in 1789 French, who dethroned and executed King Louis XVI and to his wife María Antonieta