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HARDWARE AND OPERATING YSTEMS, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
HARDWARE AND OPERATING YSTEMS
Computer language and function
Binary system: is a arrangement of the numbers 0 and 1
the smallest unit of information iwe can stored in a computer is a buit
eight bites make a byte
Computer functions
Hardware are the physical components systems thast we can touch and move
Software or programs refer to the data and the instructions we use to manage that data.
Computers carry out four different functions
Input
we use pheripheral devices
Output
We use pheripheral devices
Storing
In the storage devices
Processing
We use the microprocessor and the memory
When we use the computer to do calculations , change the type of text or change the colour of our picture we use processing information
COMPUTER ELEMENTS
microprocessor
Is an integrated circuit made up of millions on tiny transistors working together to process
Clock rate
Sets the pace at which proccess are completed
A microprocesor power also depends on its cache memory and the speed at which it communicates with the RAM
Memory and units of storage
RAM
When we open an aplication, its instructios and data aere copied to this memory so that the microprocessor can use them
CACHE MEMORY
The cache memory stores the data thjat the microprocessor uses most often
ROM BIOS
When you turn your computer, ity automatically checks the systems. Is carried out using instructionsnm stored in a special readoly memory
Motherboard and connecting devices
When we open an aplication, its instructios and data are copied to this memory so that the microprocessor can use them
The motherboard can also includes·
Slots
can be used to expand or add new components
PCI
(peripheral component interconnect)
IDE
(integrated device electronics)
Chipset
Is the number of integrated circuits designed to perform related functions
The computers power spply unit transforms a 230V alterating current into a low-voltage direct current
Connecting external devices
We can physically connect devices to the computer in different ways
Connecting a sound car o a graphic card to the motherboard
Connecting others devices such as hard disk, DVD drives
Using a external USB
We can install new devices by using a software provided by the device manufacturer.
We need to use this following tools
Asistente para Widows
Use this to add a new software
Informe de nuevos dispositivos
A report of Linux
SOFTWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEMS
There are various types of software
Operating system
Managed the system resources
Applications
Word processor
Word
Spreadsheets
Excel
Presentations
Power Points
database managment tools
Access
Drawing programs
Paint
Programming languages
These programms can be used to create ther programmes and applications
Functions of the operating systems
Managed the microprocessor
It calculates how much time the microprocessor should giver each one
Managed the memory and storage systems
Managed space
Provides an interface or working environment
Allows communication between applications and peripheral devices
WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM
Installing and uninstalling programs
Hard disk maintenance
Cleaning the hard disk
Defragmenting the hard disk
Detecting and repairing errors
Saving power
click on PANEL DE CONTROL and then click on OPCIONES DE HERRAMIENTA
System updates
Click on INICIO then in PROGRAMAS and finally in WINDOWS UPDATE
LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM
Installing and desinstalling programs
Añadir y Quitar in the menu of Aplicaciones
Synaptic package management program
To get the newest version of your software you may update it
You will go to Administracion and comprobe if you have to updated if you have to you have to click in update
COMPUTER NETWORKS
Is a set of computers connected to each other so that they can share resources and exchange information
Local Area Networks
metropolitan area networks
wide areas networks
Elements in a network
All computer have a logical component and a physical component
Each computer need a adaptor to send information and receive it back
The hub distributes all of the information it receives
This information travels down a transmission medium
Wireless networks
Use electromagnetic waves to transmit data. All computer need a wireless network card
We use wireless access points to transmit data through wires o electromagnetic waves
Computers can connect to the internet in 2 ways:
Using the (internet connnecting sharing)
Using a router which detects data
