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Word-formation - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Initial cllipping
        
        telephone -> phone
      - Middle part
        
        spectacles -> specs
      - Final part
        
        professor -> prof.
      - Both initial and final
        
        influenza -> flu
  - - - brunch = breakfast + lunch
      - motel = motor + hotel
      - smog = smoke + fog
  - - - The word " pizza" borrowed from Italy.
  - - - Xerox
      - Google
      - zipper
  - - - vowel-interchange: full - fill
      - consonant-interchange: believe /v/ => /f/ - belief
- - - - The formation of a new word in a different part of speech without adding any elements
      - Putting a stem of already existing word into a different paradigm
        
        Verb to noun
        
        Eg: a play - to play
        
        Adjective to noun
        
        Eg: Final exams - the finals
        
        Noun to verb
        
        Eg: a book - to book
        
        Adjective to verb
        
        Eg: A clean cup - to clean
      - The difference in between the words in each pairs is morphologiacal, syntactic and semantic
    - - Prefixation: rarely form a new part of speech
        
        Eg: negation ( un-, dis-, non-,..)
        
        Eg: space and time relationship ( pre-, post-,..)
        
        Eg: repetition ( un-, dis-, re-,..)
      - Suffixation: usually change the meaning of stems ( both lexically and grammatically)
        
        Eg: N/ V/ Adj/ Adv suffixes: Eater, windy, organzie, wise
  - - - nouns: sunlight = sun + light
      - verbs: window shop
      - adjectives: ice-cold
      - prepositions: into