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Effects of Global Warming, How serious is the issue?, How much of this…

- - - - texitile pollution
      - coral reefs are no longer simply victims in the wake of the historic coral-bleaching event. Between economic profits from corporations and demand for popular culture, coral reefs are near the brink of destruction at something we neglect: toxic fashion.
    - - The textile industry releases over 1.2 billion tonnes of CO2 annually.
        
        global warming
- - - - One of the biggest strains on our water supply is simple overuse. Being mindful of the amount of water you use each day can be a powerful way to prevent droughts. Turning off the faucet while you brush your teeth, watering your garden early in the morning so less water evaporates, and installing low-flow plumbing fixtures all are good ways to prevent wasted water. High-efficiency appliances such as washing machines and dishwashers help reduce water consumption, as do high-efficiency valves and other fixtures.
    - - Water doesn’t always have to be in drinkable condition for us to use it for other needs. That means, in many cases, we can re-use water to help conserve our supplies of fresh, potable water. One of the easiest ways you can do this is to collect rainwater with a rain barrel. Use the rain barrel to water your garden instead of the garden hose.
    - - Technology has made it possible for households and businesses to gain greater insight into how they use their resources, and so-called “smart plumbing” is on the rise. With advanced monitoring technology, water consumers can see exactly how much water they use, which can make them more mindful and help them identify leaks and areas where their plumbing may be inefficient.
    - - To address the immediate crisis, begin with general food distributions, followed by targeted food aid, along with the provision of heath care, clean drinking water, and sanitation.
    - - As rebuilding takes hold, communities must begin to stand on their own feet; this depends on efforts to build resilient food systems. Below are the pathways for rebuilding resilient food systems in conflict zones:
- - - - Hypoxia is decreased oxygen in the water resulting from algae blooms caused by excessive nitrogen and phosphorous.
    - - According to the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, a single hypoxia incident in 2007 caused the deaths of roughly 300,000 fish in one creek, including menhaden, shad, American eel, and largemouth bass.
  - - - Melt water from glaciers and ice sheets.
      - Thermal expansion of seawater as it warms
      - Decline of liquid water on land (minor)
    - - The 10 largest environmental disasters in 2021 killed at least 1,075 people and displaced 1.3 million others.
      - A disaster related to a weather, climate or water hazard occurred every day on average over the past 50 years – killing 115 people and causing US$ 202 million in losses daily. (WMO)
        
        From all cases between1970 to 2019, more than 91% of these deaths occurred in developing countries.
      - Sea level has risen 8–9 inches (21–24 centimeters) since 1880.
  - - - Malaysia
        
        began after heavy rainfall from 17 December 2021
        
        has displaced over 40,000 people
      - China
        
        Affected areas
        
        Guizhou
        
        Chongqing
        
        Heilongjiang
        
        Sichuan
        
        Inner Mongolia
        
        Shanxi & Hebei
        
        Henan
        
        Shaanxi
        
        Hubei
        
        starting in June 2021
        abnormally heavy rainfalls
      - Germany
        
        The states of Rhineland-Palatinate and North Rhine-Westphalia were particularly hard hit, as were the neighboring countries of the Netherlands and Belgium.
      - South Sudan
        
        The United Nations said flooding has now affected more than 835,000 people in 33 of South Sudan’s 78 counties.
      - Australia
        
        2 Fatalities Reported
        
        from late 25 November
        
        hundreds were evacuated
    - - Netherlands
        
        According to the most recent scenarios of the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, sea level on the Southern North Sea will be 25 to 80 cm higher in 2071-2100 (averaged year 2085) than in 1981-2010. For 2100 an upper level of sea level rise is projected of 100 cm (46).
      - The Maldives
        
        At the current rate of global warming, almost 80% of the Maldives could become uninhabitable by 2050, according to multiple reports from NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey.
      - Greenland
        
        Ice loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet increased seven-fold from 34 billion tons per year between 1992-2001 to 247 billion tons per year between 2012 and 2016.
      - America (Florida)
        
        The sea level around Virginia Key, Florida, has risen by 8 inches since 1950. Its speed of rise has accelerated over the last ten years and it’s now rising by 1 inch every 3 years.
        
        High-tide flooding frequency along the southeastern coast of the U.S. rose 160 percent from 2000 to 2017.
- - - - Burning coal, oil and gas
      - Cutting down forests
      - Increasing livestock farming
      - Fertilisers containing nitrogen
      - Fluorinated gases
    - - A heatwave occurs when a system of high atmospheric pressure moves into an area and lasts two or more days. In such a high-pressure system, air from upper levels of our atmosphere is pulled toward the ground, where it becomes compressed and increases in temperature.
      - During the recent “hotter” drought climate, unusually warm temperatures intensified the effects of very low precipitation and snowpack, creating conditions for extreme, high severity wildfires that spread rapidly--California
  - - - Additional Fundings & Jobs
      - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) projects more than 1.8 billion labor hours lost due to extreme heat in 2100, costing more than $170 billion in wages. Higher temperatures contribute to more use of air conditioners and stress on electric grids, resulting in power outages. Electricity demand for cooling increases 1.5–2 percent per 1 degree F increase in air temperature between 68 and 77 degrees.5 Energy costs to consumers nationwide will increase by 10–22 percent due to increased consumption, costing between $26 and $57 billion by the end of the century,6 a considerable burden for low-income homes.
  - - - Natural Environment: Wildfires are a natural part of many ecosystems. Although wildfires produce a number of greenhouse gases and aerosols including carbon dioxide, methane, and black carbon, the plants that re-colonize burned areas remove carbon from the atmosphere, generally leading to a net neutral effect on climate. However, when fires burn more frequently and consume larger areas, as they are doing with climate change, the released greenhouse gases may not be completely removed from the atmosphere if plants can’t grow to maturity before burning, or if the plants that re-colonize are less efficient at carbon uptake.
      - Federal and State Budgets: U.S. Forest Service fire suppression expenditures had increased from about 15 percent of the agency’s appropriated budget to more than 50 percent in 2017. Nationwide suppression costs in 2017 and 2018 ballooned to $2.9 billion and $3.1 billion respectively, while state wildfire expenditures have also increased substantially.
      - Public Health: The growing number of people in wild lands is increasing the risk to life, property and public health. Smoke reduces air quality and can cause eye and respiratory illness, especially among children and the elderly. Wildfires that burn in residential areas can melt plastic water pipes and cause contamination of water systems with a known carcinogen.
      - Wildfire-- Australia Wildfire in 2020: 2019.9-2020.3; billions of animals dead, Many species lose at least 30% percent of their habitat; An estimated 1 billion animals died in Australia's bushfires in 2020. 113 native species, including the "national treasure" koala, are under threat in the wake of the fires.
    - - Wildfire
      - Extreme heat causes more deaths than any other weather-related hazard—more than hurricanes, tornadoes, or flooding, and an average of more than 65,000 Americans visit emergency rooms each summer for acute heat illness
- - - - Impact on marine species and ecosystems —high levels of mortalities, loss of breeding grounds and mass movements to search for favorable environmental conditions
      - Impact on humans
        
        serious risk to food security and people’s livelihoods globally
        
        Economic losses—hundreds of millions of dollars.
        
        affect vegetation and reef-building species such as corals and mangroves (protect coastlines from erosion and sea-level rise)
        
        affect low-lying island countries in the Pacific Ocean, destroying housing and infrastructure and forcing people to relocate
        
        causing more severe hurricanes and the intensification of El Niño events bringing droughts and floods
        
        increase and spread of diseases in marine species—Humans risk direct transmission of these diseases when consuming