Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS - Coggle Diagram
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COMBINATON REACTIONS
A combination reaction (also known as a synthesis reaction) is a reaction where two or more elements or compounds (reactants) combine to form a single compound (product). Such reactions are represented by equations of the following form: X + Y → XY (A+B → AB).
DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS
What is a Decomposition Reaction?
A decomposition reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which one reactant breaks down into two or more products.
General Reaction Format
The general format of a decomposition reaction is provided below.
AB -> A + B
Where AB is the parent molecule (reactant) and A & B are the product molecules.
Neutralization Reaction
What is a Neutralization Reaction?
A neutralization reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which an acid and base quantitatively react together to form a salt and water as products.
In a neutralization reaction, there is a combination of H+ ions and OH– ions which form water. A neutralization reaction is generally an acid-base neutralization reaction.
Neutralization Reaction Equation
acid + base(alkali) → salt + water
Neutralization Reaction Examples
Formation of Sodium Chloride (Common Salt):
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
Titration methods using phenolphthalein.
COMBUSTION REACTIONS
A chemical reaction between substances, usually including oxygen and usually accompanied by the generation of heat and light in the form of flame. The rate or speed at which the reactants combine is high, in part because of the nature of the chemical reaction itself and in part because more energy is generated than can escape into the surrounding medium, with the result that the temperature of the reactants is raised to accelerate the reaction even more.
SINGLE-REPLACEMENT REACTIONS
Single Replacement Reaction Definition
A single replacement reaction is a chemical reaction where one element replaces another in a compound. It is also known as a single displacement reaction. The general form of a single replacement reaction chemical equation is:
A + BC → B + AC
Single replacement reactions occur when A is more reactive than B or product AC is more stable than BC. A and B can be either two metals (including hydrogen; C is an anion) or else two halogens (C is a cation). If BC and AC are in aqueous solutions, C acts as a spectator ion.
Single Replacement Reaction Examples
There are two different scenarios for single replacement reactions. In one form of the reaction, one cation replaces the other. In the other form of the reaction, one anion replaces the other.
Cation Replacement Examples
Usually the cation is a metal, but it doesn’t have to be. Here are examples of single replacement reactions involving the cations:
-Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
2 K + 2H2O → 2 KOH + H2 (note how the anion is written differently because we don’t write water as HOH)
Cu + 2 AgNO3 → 2 Ag + Cu(NO3)2
Ca + 2 H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
But, if the reactant in element form is not more reactive than the other cation, no reaction occurs. In some cases, the reverse reaction is favored, but the forward reaction is not.
Anion Replacement Examples
Instead of cation replacement, a single replacement reaction may involve the anion. In practice, the only anions participating in single replacement reactions are the halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine). The general form of the reaction is:
A + BC → BA + C
In addition to being a single replacement reaction, this is also an oxidation-reduction or redox reaction. Examples of anion replacement reactions include:
Cl2 + 2 NaBr → 2 NaCl + Br2
Br2 + 2 KI → 2 KBr + I2
Again, if the elemental reactant is not more reactive than the other anion, no reaction will occur. For example, the following reaction does not occur:
I2 + 2 KBr → no reaction
DOUBLE-REPLACEMENT REACTION
A double displacement reaction is a type of reaction in which two reactants exchange ions to form two new compounds. Double displacement reactions typically result in the formation of a product that is a precipitate.
Double displacement reactions take the form:
AB + CD → AD + CB
Double Displacement Reaction Examples
The reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride is a double displacement reaction. The silver trades its nitrite ion for the sodium's chloride ion, causing the sodium to pick up the nitrate anion.
AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
Here's another example:
BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)
