Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Polysaccharides - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Both -OH groups point downwards
        
        So all glucose molecules can be orientated the same way
        
        Results in Starch molecule being curved rather than straight
    - - Amylose chain: A-glucose is unbranched and forms helix
      - Amylopectin: chain is branched and has more globular shape
        
        Both types are hydrophobic and too large to be soluble in water
        
        useful in cells when large amounts of glucose need to be stored, but a concentrated solution of glcuose would cause too much water to enter due to osmosis
        
        therefore used as a storage of glucose and therefore a of energy in seeds and striage organs such as potato cells
        
        Used as temporary store in leaf cells when glcuose is being made faster by photosynthesis than it can be exported to other parts of the plant
- - - - Stored in liver and some muscles in humans
        
        has same function as starch for plants
        
        Acts as a store of energy in the form of glucose
        
        Large quantities of glucose would cause osmotic problems so starch and glcyogen are used
        
        Easy to add or take off a glucose molecules from starch and glycogen
        
        Can be done at any point of a branched molecule or at the ends of an ubranched molecule
        
        don't have a specific size or amount of glucose
- - - - -OH group of carbon atom 1 points upwards
    - - -OH group of carbon atom 1 points downwards
  - - - Since these 2 carbon atoms point in opposite directions, b-glucose has to be places 180° to the previous one
        
        Results in a cellulose molecule being straight rather than curved
    - - allows them form bundles with hydorgen bonds linking the cellulose molecules
        
        bundles are called: cellulose microfibrils
        
        Very high tensile strength
        
        Used in plant cell wall
        
        prevents plant cells to burst when high pressure accumulates due to osmosis of water