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AP Psychology Unit 6 - Developmental Psychology - Coggle Diagram
AP Psychology Unit 6 - Developmental Psychology
Module 45
2: Prenatal development
Stages of development
2) Germinal Stage: zygote (fertilized egg) divides continuously
3) Zygote to Embryo (37 weeks): fertilized egg attaches to wall; 6 weeks embryos organs develop/learn/function
4) Embryo to Fetus: facial features, hands, and feet form
1) Conception (sperm fertilizes egg)
LANG Develop: Hear a fake word in womb, recognize it after birth; 2 languages (mother), child respond
TERATOGENS: chemicals/viruses that reach the embryo/fetus during development that can harm their development
Alcohol
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
1/700 children: lifelong physical and mental abnormalities
affects fetal brain, excessive drinking can cause low birth weight, defects, behavior problems, low intelligence
Tabacco/drugs
viruses
medication
1: Develop. Issues
Nature vs Nurture
How much of a person's character/personality/development is based off of their predisposed gene instruction vs how much is influenced by experience/environment. Scientists agree it's a mix of both
GENES (Nature): biologically encoded --> shared humanity and individuality
Continuity Stages
parts: which are gradual/consistent vs which are rapid/abrupt
there is a sequence to the way humans develops, stages; rates differ
Stability & Change
what qualities persist through life and which change as we age
as you get older, do you still like the same shows? do you still believe the same ideology? are you wiser? what traits do you keep, and which leave
IMPORTANCE: change -> hope for things to get better/ ability to adapt
stable- identity/dependability
3: Newborn Abilities
Habituation: decrease in response due to being expose to stimulant repeatedly
What is Developmental Psychology?
focuses on psychical, cognitive, and social change (PCSC) throughout LIFE SPAN
Module 46
1: Key Developmental brain changes & Motor Skills [Infancy/Childhood]
INTRO
Maturation: humans mature due to their genetic instructions, but deprivation and abuse can slow down their development (North Korean children--> famine, big heads, small bodies)
Biological maturation (nature) sets path of development and experience (nurture) adjusts.
STAND BEFORE WALK
Brain
WOMB: developing brain forms nerve cells and cortex overproduces. As NS matures brain branches neural networks (to walk to talk) + wild growth spurt
3 to 6: rapid growth is from frontal lobes to enable planning
association & cortical areas last to develop
Motor
Infant's exercise maturing muscles/nervous systems: universal sequence- roll, crawl, walk
-GENES GUIDE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
-rapid development of cerebellum
-Brain and Muscle development needed before potty training
2: Infant Memories
-recall little from age 4 --> mice & monkeys also forget early life
-infantile amnesia lessens as matures
-Brain areas underlying memory: hippocampus, frontal lobes (mature)
-
Carolyn Ruvee-Collier
: babies can learn
-despite lack of conscious memories, brain processes and stores info: those who spoke dif language as children, able to relearn sounds easier as adults
