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The Challenge of Resource Management - Coggle Diagram
The Challenge of Resource Management
Overview
Why are food, water and energy vital for social and economic well-being?
Social - Humans need resources such as food, water, shelter, healthcare, etc - these are all linked to
quality of life
Economic - using resources to sell for income - using income to buy all the things needed in daily lives - this is linked to
standard of living
A resource is a stock or supply of something that people need and use. It can be used in its original form of made into something else
Food provisions and consumption
Social - Humans need food to survive, be health and have a better quality of life
Economic - food can be sold and traded with other countries for money. This can be used to buy other resources off of other countries to have a better standard of living
Areas of surplus - UK
Areas of deficit - Syria, Yemen, Antarctica, Madagascar - first climate induced famine
Water availability and usage
Social - Humans need water for all areas of life. For example drinking, sanitisation and manufacturing. This means that countries that are in surplus have a higher quality of life
Economic - Water is used for irrigation and hydroelectric power. They can sell the crops and the energy for money which will benefit them economically
Areas of surplus - South America and Australia
Areas of deficit - Saudi Arabia, Libya ad Algeria
Energy availability and usage
Social - Energy is needed for heating which is needed to stay warm, cooking and lights which improves a humans quality of life
Economic - The ways that create energy create jobs This will increase peoples incomes and their economic wellbeing
Areas of surplus - USA and Saudi Arabia
Areas of deficit - Nigeria
Food in the UK
How the demand for food is changing
- These days we are used to eating fruit and veg all year round which increases the demand for imported goods that arent in season in the UK. There is a higher demand for lower priced foods which means that even when foods are in season in Britain people are still buying foods that are imported as thay are cheaper. In 2013 47% of the UK's food supply was imported.
Why are we importing more high value food from abroad?
- There is an increasing demand for more exotic foods that can only be grown in other countries like avocadoes, coffee, Madagascan vanilla
What is the impact of importing food from abroad?
UK consumers
- they can use foods that arent in season in the UK and can cook whatever they want and not depend on what's in season - they can cook foods that they have discovered on holiday that are more exotic - people don't mind how much food cost they just mind about the quality
Kenyan producers
- they got good jobs from the demand of imported goods. The money that they get from this goes towards giving their family a better life - People that have got jobs from this have to now pay taxed but they don't mind because it benefits the local area for example building a new school - lots of the food is imported there is less for the local people which leads to increased process for the locals - the wells in the villages have dried up due to farmers using it to grow crops this means that the local people have to walk miles in order to get water - the pesticides used on the plants make the farmer ill.
Why do people desire organic, seasonal and local food?
- No chemicals are used in the farming process. More and more people are becoming concerned about their health and believe that having organic foods will improve their health.
Agribusiness
- refers to treating food production from farms like a large industrial business, making it a large scale capital-intensive
This has meant increasing the size of farms by increasing field size and combining smaller family farms, removing hedgerows, using more mechanisation and technology, increasing the use of chemicals such as pesticides and fertilisers
Agribusinesses are more efficient ways of farming, work on economies of scale and therefore can make large profits
Water in the UK
Demands
Household - Toilet flushing, bathing, clothes washing , showering, kitchen sink and dishwasher, leaks
Leakage
Services
Manufacturing
Miscellaneous/other
Areas of surplus
- The north and west of the UK have high rainfall. These are areas of surplus as there is a greater supply than demand
Areas of deficit
- The south east and the Midlands have high population densities so there is a higher demand for water. These are areas of deficit because the demand is greater than the supply
How water transfer is used to meet the UKs water demands
- Water is stored in reservoirs so it can be transferred elsewhere - water transfer pipes and canals are used to transfer water to other areas of the UK
Management of water quality in the UK
Legislation - laws that ensure factories and farmers have to manage the chemicals they put into rivers
Education Campaigns - Informing people about what not to dispose if in water
Local treatment works - These remove solids from our water along with chemicals, algae, soil and bacteria
Building better sewers and infrastructure - Prevents accidental contamination of water supplies
Pollution traps - barriers to stop pollution spreading from its source and filter it out e.g. reed beds along motorways that are close to rivers
Green walls and roofs - Filter out pollutants naturally and offer sustainable water management. This reduces the risk of flooding and combats climate change
Managing water stress
1) Making savings in water usage. e.g. take 5 minute showers, water garden late at night or early in the morning to reduce evaporation
2) Using grey water - Used water taken from sinks, baths, showers and washing machines that may contain traces of dirt, food, hair and cleaning products can be used for watering gardens, crops and flushing toilets
3) Water transfer schemes
Energy in the UK
How the demand for energy has changed
- Energy is used for heating, transport, lighting, manufacturing and electronical equipment. We use less energy than we did in 1970 because it is more efficient.
Energy mix
- Range of energy sources are used, renewable and non renewable - Wind, solar, HEP, biomass, wave - geothermal cannot be used in the UK as we are not on a plate boundary
Future production of energy
- More renewable energy will be used
Gas, oil and coal
- There are less reserves - in 1980 and 1990 there were coal strikes and closures - new reserves are difficult to exploit as the waters are too deep and dangerous - imported form Russia, Poland and Australia - open cast mining was introduced
Environmental issues
Harmful waste can destroy ecosystems
Look ugly - visual pollution
Radioactive leaks can put lives at risk
Economic issues
Creates jobs and boosts local economy
Negative impact on number of tourists
Expensive to build
Decommissioning old plants is expensive
Lower electricity bills