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Exercise and Plasma Proteins - Coggle Diagram
Exercise and Plasma Proteins
Blood Sampling Timepoints
Both single bouts of exercise (acute) and regular exercise (chronic) cause significant changes to the concentration of many proteins in the blood plasma.
Appreciating the biological significance of acute and chronic changes in plasma proteins is highly informative for exercise medicine.
Impact of Exercise in Plasma Albumin
Acute
Albumin concentration "increases" during and after bouts of aerobic exercise (driven by dehydration).
Chronic
Regular exercise increase albumin in order to expand PV for optimal delivery of oxygen and nutrients.
Impact of strenuous exercise on plasma fibrinogen
Acute
PV-corrected fibrinogen levels decrease immediately after sub- and maximal exercise
(El-Sayed et al., 1999)
Fibrinogen levels were higher for 3 days after intense military exercise, suggesting an 'acute-phase response' to strenuous exercise
(Montgomery et al., 1996)
Chronic
Compared to baseline values, fibrinogen concentration was significantly lower (-11.9%) at day 5, consistent with the beneficial effect of training.
Impact of exercise on plasma immunoglobulins
Acute
Evidence to suggest that plasma immunoglobulins increase after moderate intensity exercise
(Neiman & Nehlsen-Cannrella, 1991)
and decrease after more intense exercise
(Hajazi & Hosseini, 2012)
This is complex and depends on immunoglobulin subclass
(McKuen et al., 2005)
Chronic
Active older adults have higher antibody tires than sedentary individuals 6 months after the influenza vaccine.
APP: A focus on CRP
APP change in response to trauma, inflection or as part of a chronic inflammatory disease.
APP can be used to monitor clinical health.
Routine clinical haematology tests can diagnose and monitor certain diseases.
C-reactive protein
(CRP) is a very common APP studied in the context of exercise.
CRP
CRP is an acute phase protein (made in the liver) that amplifies the immune response.
CRP recognises patterns of foreign pathogens or changes in the cells and reduces the consequences of infections/tissue injury.
CRP is not specific regulator of the immune system.
Raised CRP is used with other blood tests/tissue biopsies and patient symptoms.