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Chapter FourteenProject Closure (專案結束) - Coggle Diagram
Chapter FourteenProject Closure
(專案結束)
Lessons learned(經驗學習)
指的是專案生命週期過程中或結束之後一小段時間內所進行的分析,將過去正面和負面的經驗給學習下來。
Lessons learned repository(經驗學習儲存資料庫)
經驗學習後的使用解決方案並停止重復錯誤的發生而開發一個容易使用的資料庫儲存,以便往後專案發生類似問題時使用。
Performance review(績效考核)
Performance appraisals fulfill two important functions.(績效考核有兩個重要的功能。)
Development: the focus is on identifying individual strengths and weaknesses and developing action plans for improving performance.(發展:重點是確定個人的優勢和劣勢,並制定提高績效的行動計劃。)
Evaluation: the focus is on assessing how well a person has performed in order to determine salary or merit adjustments.(評估:重點是評估一個人的表現,以確定工資或績效調整。)
Project closure(專案結束)
Project closure usually includes the following six major activities.(專案結束通常包括以下六項主要活動。)
Getting delivery acceptance from the customer.(獲得客戶的交貨驗收。)
Shutting down resources and releasing to new uses.(關閉資源並釋放到新的用途。)
Reassigning project team members.(重新指派專案團隊成員。)
Closing accounts and seeing that all bills are paid.(關閉帳戶並看到所有帳單都已支付。)
Delivering the project to the customer.(將專案交付給客戶。)
Creating a final report.(創建最終報告。)
Project evaluation(專案評估)
The purpose of project evaluation is to assess how well the project team, team members, and project manager performed.(專案評估的目的是評估專案團隊、團隊成員和專案經理的表現。)
Evaluation implies measurement against specific criteria.(評估意味著根據具體標準進行衡量。)
Team evaluation(團隊評估)
Individual, team member, and project manager performance reviews(個人、團隊成員和專案經理績效評估)
Individual reviews(個人評論)
Project maturity model(專案成熟度模型)
The purposes of all maturity models are to enable organizations to assess their progress in implementing the best practices in their industry and move to improvement.(所有成熟度模型的目的都是使組織能夠評估其在其行業中實施最佳實踐的進度並進行改進。)
A project maturity model yields a more encompassing look from an organization-wide point of view.(從組織範圍的角度來看,專案成熟度模型可以產生更具包容性的外觀。)
The latest version of the project maturity model developed by the Project Management Institute is called OPM3.(專案管理協會開發的最新版本的專案成熟度模型稱為OPM3。)
OPM3 is divided into a continuum of growth levels: Initial, Repeatable, Defined, Managed, and Optimized.(OPM3 分為連續的增長級別:初始、可重複、定義、管理和優化。)
Retrospective(回顧)
Retrospectives denote specific efforts at identifying lessons learned on projects. An independent, trained facilitator acts as a guide who(回顧性是指為查明在專案上吸取的經驗教訓而作出的具體努力。 一個獨立的,訓練有素的主持人作為指導)
Leads the project team through an analysis of project activities.(通過對專案活動的分析,領導專案團隊。)
Uses several questionnaires focusing on project operations and on how the organization’s culture impacted project success or failure.(使用多個調查表,重點關注項目運營以及組織的文化如何影響專案成功或失敗。)
Visits one-on-one with project team members, the project manager, and other stakeholders to dive deeper into cause-effect impacts.(與專案團隊成員,專案經理和其他利害關係人進行一對一的訪問,以更深入地瞭解因果影響。)
Leads a team retrospective session.(領導團隊回顧會議。)
Works with the team to develop a system to prioritize information for different recipients.(與團隊合作開發一個系統,為不同的收件者確定資訊的優先順序。)
360-degree review(360度審查)
從許多組縜的來源收集行為的觀察,其中包含員工的自我評鑑。相同的結構式績效評估也來完成對上司、團隊成員、同事的評量;在許多情況下,甚至外部顧客也使用此一評估方法。這個程序可用於檢核團隊成員的績效,也可用於評估專案經理,許多組織擴大這個程序,讓這個程序在組織中佔有重要位置。