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reproduction - Coggle Diagram
reproduction
the female reproductive system
The female reproductive organs
Most of the female reproductive organs are internal. They are located in the lower abdomen
Fallopian tubes
The fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus.
Vagina
The vagina is a muscular tube which connects the uterus to the outside of the body. The vulva is on the outside of the body and covers the opening to the vagina
Ovaries
The ovaries produce female reproductive cells called ova. One ovum matures each month. Women are born with all the ova they will need for the rest of their life
Uterus
The uterus is an organ with muscular walls. During pregnancy a fertilised cell develops into a baby in the uterus. The part of the uterus that leads to the vagina is called the cervix.
Puberty in girls
When girls approach sexual maturity, their bodies undergo a series of changes. These changes happen during puberty, usually when a girl is between 10 and 16 years old. The breasts begin to develop and pubic hair grows. They grow taller and their body fills out; glands in the skin and scalp produce more oil which can cause spots or acne. Armpit hair begins to grow and menstruation typically starts between 10 and 15 years of age.
Sexual characteristics
Primary sexual characteristics are the differences between male and female reproductive organs. Secondary sexual characteristics are other physical differences between men and women, for example women usually have wider hips and men often have more body hair. These characteristics appear during puberty
The menstrual cycle
The male reproductive system
Sperm
the male reproductive system produces and transports sperm cells. A sperm cell has an oval shape and a tail. The tail allows it to move up the females fallopian tubes and fetilise the ovum. Men produce millions of the sperm every day
The male reproductive organs
Sperm travels through two tubes called the vasa deferentia to the seminal vasicles. The seminal vasicles produce a liquid that forms part of semen
The prostate produces a liquid that also forms a part of semen. Semen carries the sperm and gives it nutrients.
The scrotum regulates the temperature of the testicles. They need to be a bit cooler than the rest of the body in the order to produce sperm.
the penis contains the urethra. The sperm traveks through the urethra to the outside of the body. The urethra also expels urine
Genes
Human beings pass on some characteristics to their offspring through genes. Humans have about 24.000 genes. Parents pass onto their children characteristics such as eye and hair colour.
